Duffy Lawrence, De Wilde La'Ona, Spellman Katie, Dunlap Kriya, Dainowski Bonita, McCullough Susan, Luick Bret, van Muelken Mary
Resilience and Adaptation Program, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA.
International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA.
Scientifica (Cairo). 2018 Oct 1;2018:8421513. doi: 10.1155/2018/8421513. eCollection 2018.
River watersheds are among the most complex terrestrial features in Alaska, performing valuable ecosystem functions and providing services for human society. Rivers are vital to both estuarine and aquatic biota and play important roles in biogeochemical cycles and physical processes. The functions of watersheds have been used as vulnerability indicators for ecosystem and socioeconomic resilience. Despite a long history of human activity, the Yukon River has not received the holistic and interdisciplinary attention given to the other great American river systems. By using hypothesis-based monitoring of key watershed functions, we can gain insight to regime-shifting stresses such as fire, toxins, and invasive species development. Coupling adaptive risk management practices involving stakeholders with place-based education, especially contaminants and nutrition related, can maintain resilience within communities. The Yukon watershed provides a broadscale opportunity for communities to monitor the environment, manage resources, and contribute to stewardship policy formation. Monitoring keystone species and community activities, such as citizen science, are critical first steps to following changes to resiliency throughout the Yukon watershed. Creating a policy environment that encourages local experimentation and innovation contributes to resilience maintenance during development-imposed stress.
河流流域是阿拉斯加最复杂的陆地特征之一，发挥着重要的生态系统功能，为人类社会提供服务。河流对河口和水生生物群落都至关重要，在生物地球化学循环和物理过程中发挥着重要作用。流域功能已被用作生态系统和社会经济恢复力的脆弱性指标。尽管人类活动历史悠久，但育空河并未得到像美国其他大河系统那样的全面和跨学科关注。通过基于假设的关键流域功能监测，我们可以深入了解诸如火灾、毒素和入侵物种发展等导致状态转变的压力。将涉及利益相关者的适应性风险管理实践与基于地点的教育（特别是与污染物和营养相关的教育）相结合，可以维持社区的恢复力。育空河流域为社区提供了一个广泛的机会，来监测环境、管理资源并为管理政策的形成做出贡献。监测关键物种和社区活动，如公民科学，是跟踪育空河流域恢复力变化的关键第一步。创造一个鼓励地方试验和创新的政策环境，有助于在发展带来的压力下维持恢复力。
