Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Feb 20;652:330-344. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.226. Epub 2018 Oct 17.
Living walls and green roofs offer numerous benefits to densely populated urban areas such as cooling, air filtering and improved aesthetics. However, plants in these two systems are high water consumers making such systems particularly unsuitable for water-scarce arid environments most at need of passive cooling and urban greening. Integrated greywater treatment in these structures provides a possible solution, providing plants not only with water but other required nutrients and organics. However, greywater treatment by living wall and green roof systems is still lacking. This review summarizes the few studies exploring this new integrated technology and provides an in-depth analysis of existing literature on vegetated building structures and greywater treatment to reveal benefits and potential pitfalls of this technology. Appropriate selection of plants and media are essential to successful system design and must meet competing demands compared to those used in existing vegetated building structures for cooling/greening and constructed wetlands for greywater treatment. A variety of operational and user-interaction issues are also explored and will be key areas of future research to enable full-scale implementation. Integrated greywater treatment using green building vegetated structures appears a promising method for dual purpose water recycling and urban cooling, and various future research needs are emphasized to realize this.
立体绿化墙和绿色屋顶为人口密集的城市地区带来了诸多益处，如降温、空气过滤和改善美观度。然而，这两种系统中的植物都是高耗水植物，使得这些系统特别不适合水资源匮乏的干旱环境，而这些地区最需要被动冷却和城市绿化。在这些结构中集成灰水（生活污水经适当处理后，达到一定的水质标准，可用于冲洗厕所、浇洒绿地、冲洗道路等非饮用水用途的水）处理提供了一种可能的解决方案，不仅为植物提供了水，还提供了其他所需的营养物质和有机物。然而，立体绿化墙和绿色屋顶系统的灰水（生活污水经适当处理后，达到一定的水质标准，可用于冲洗厕所、浇洒绿地、冲洗道路等非饮用水用途的水）处理仍然缺乏。本综述总结了少数探索这一新集成技术的研究，并对现有的关于植被建筑结构和灰水（生活污水经适当处理后，达到一定的水质标准，可用于冲洗厕所、浇洒绿地、冲洗道路等非饮用水用途的水）处理的文献进行了深入分析，揭示了该技术的优势和潜在问题。为了成功设计系统，必须选择合适的植物和介质，这些植物和介质必须满足与冷却/绿化用现有植被建筑结构和灰水（生活污水经适当处理后，达到一定的水质标准，可用于冲洗厕所、浇洒绿地、冲洗道路等非饮用水用途的水）处理用人工湿地相比具有竞争力的需求。还探讨了各种运行和用户交互问题，这些问题将是实现全面实施的未来研究的关键领域。使用绿色建筑植被结构进行集成灰水（生活污水经适当处理后，达到一定的水质标准，可用于冲洗厕所、浇洒绿地、冲洗道路等非饮用水用途的水）处理似乎是一种有前途的双重目的水回收和城市冷却方法，强调了各种未来研究需求，以实现这一目标。
