Konaté Abibatou, Gnagne Paterne Akpa, Bédia-Tanoh Valérie Akoua, Amiah-Droh Mireille, Tano Dominique Konan, Ignace Eby Menan Hervé, Yavo William
Department of Parasitology, Mycology, Animal Biology and, Zoology, Felix Houphouët-Boigny University, BPV 34,Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
Malaria Research and Control Centre/National Institute of Public Health, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, BPV 47,Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
Acta Parasitol. 2018 Dec 19;63(4):795-801. doi: 10.1515/ap-2018-0096.
Despite efforts to eliminate it, malaria remains a major public health concern, particularly in Côte d'Ivoire. Chloroquine (CQ) was one of the first drugs used for its treatment, but was officially withdrawn from the market in 2007 following reports of high levels of chloroquine resistance. The present study was carried out after the withdrawal of CQ and provides an update on the rates of CQ resistance in Côte d'Ivoire. Samples were collected between September 2013 and March 2014 in Abidjan and from January to May 2016 in Abengourou and San Pedro through cross-sectional studies. Parasitemia was assessed by microscopy, and single nucleotide polymorphism in the Pfcrt (codon 76) gene was analyzed by nested PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism. A total of 343 samples were analyzed: 119, 106 and 118 were from Abidjan, Abengourou, and San Pedro, respectively. The sex ratio of patients was 0.92. The mean age of patients enrolled was 9.6 years (SD = 10.8). The geometric mean of parasite density was 21,337 parasites/μL (SD = 49,508; range, 2,000-200,000). Molecular analysis revealed 57 K76T mutants (16.6%): 33, 9, and 15 in Abidjan, Abengourou and in San Pedro, respectively. Most of these were found in patients aged ≤15 years (42/57) who had parasitemia greater than 10,000 parasites/μL (40/57). This is the first study conducted in Côte d'Ivoire reporting a decline in Pfcrt K76T mutation rate. Thus, our results indicate the importance of following up on the observed trend also at a national level.
尽管人们努力消除疟疾，但它仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题，在科特迪瓦尤为如此。氯喹（CQ）是最早用于治疗疟疾的药物之一，但在有报道称氯喹耐药率很高后，于2007年正式退市。本研究是在氯喹退市后开展的，提供了科特迪瓦氯喹耐药率的最新情况。2013年9月至2014年3月在阿比让以及2016年1月至5月在阿本古鲁和圣佩德罗通过横断面研究收集样本。通过显微镜检查评估寄生虫血症，并通过巢式聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态性分析Pfcrt（密码子76）基因中的单核苷酸多态性。总共分析了343个样本：分别来自阿比让、阿本古鲁和圣佩德罗的样本有119个、106个和118个。患者的性别比为0.92。纳入患者的平均年龄为9.6岁（标准差=10.8）。寄生虫密度的几何平均值为21337个寄生虫/微升（标准差=49508；范围为2000 - 200000）。分子分析显示有57个K76T突变体（16.6%）：阿比让、阿本古鲁和圣佩德罗分别有33个、9个和15个。其中大多数出现在年龄≤15岁的患者中（42/57），这些患者的寄生虫血症大于10000个寄生虫/微升（40/57）。这是在科特迪瓦进行的第一项报告Pfcrt K76T突变率下降的研究。因此，我们的结果表明在国家层面跟踪观察到的趋势的重要性。
