Parashar Rahul, Singla Lachhman Das, Gupta Mayank, Sharma Suresh Kumar
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary & Animal Sciences University, Firozpur Road, Near Verka Milk Plant, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India.
Department of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary & Animal Sciences University, Firozpur Road, Near Verka Milk Plant, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India.
Acta Parasitol. 2018 Dec 19;63(4):733-743. doi: 10.1515/ap-2018-0087.
The haemato-biochemical indices and oxidative stress markers in horses naturally infected with Trypanosoma evansi were evaluated by analyzing the level of these parameters between T. evansi infected (microscopically positive patent group and PCR positive latent group) and infection free horses. To compare the hemato-biochemical indices and oxidative stress indicators, horses were divided into three categories based on diagnostic test employed and positive results obtained. These included Romanowsky stained slide positive group (Group I; n = 6), PCR positive group (group II; n = 28) and negative control group (group III, n = 30), revealing parasitologically positive patent, molecular positive latent and disease free status of horses. A significant reductions in total erythrocytes count (TEC, P = 0.01), haemoglobin (Hb, P = 0.01) and packed cell volume (PCV, P = 0.04) was noticed both in group I and group II while significant neutrophilia and lymphocytopenia was observed in group I when compared to negative control group. Substantial increase in creatinine (CRTN, P = 0.032) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT, P = 0.012) in group I while significant decrease in glucose (GLU, P = 0.04) and iron (Fe, P = 0.01) were noticed in both group I and group II in comparison to group III. A significant difference in lipid peroxides (LPO, P = 0.01) with highest level in patent group I (15.33 ± 0.53) followed by PCR positive latent group (14.09 ± 1.66) indicates higher lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes and oxidative stress in decreasing order when compared with infection free control horses (9.83 ± 0.97). Catalase (CAT, P = 0.01) was significantly lower in parasitological (0.82 ± 0.14) and molecular positive cases (1.27 ± 0.35) in comparison to control group (3.43 ± 0.96). The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD, P = 0.01), reduced glutathione (GSH, P = 0.01) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP, P = 0.01) were significantly lower in parasito-molecular positive cases as compared to infection free control horses. An inverse correlation of RBC count with LPO and GSH and a direct correlation with catalase, SOD and FRAP was revealed. Overall, the observed substantial decreases in the oxidative parameters like catalase CAT, SOD, GSH and FRAP activities with remarkably elevated levels of LPO indicate high exposure of erythrocytes to oxidative damage in T.evansi infected horses.
通过分析伊氏锥虫感染马（显微镜检查阳性的显性感染组和PCR阳性的潜伏感染组）与未感染马之间这些参数的水平，评估了自然感染伊氏锥虫的马的血液生化指标和氧化应激标志物。为比较血液生化指标和氧化应激指标，根据所采用的诊断测试和获得的阳性结果，将马分为三类。这些类别包括罗曼诺夫斯基染色玻片阳性组（第一组；n = 6）、PCR阳性组（第二组；n = 28）和阴性对照组（第三组，n = 30），分别显示马的寄生虫学阳性显性感染、分子阳性潜伏感染和无病状态。第一组和第二组的总红细胞计数（TEC，P = 0.01）、血红蛋白（Hb，P = 0.01）和红细胞压积（PCV，P = 0.04）均显著降低，而与阴性对照组相比，第一组观察到显著的中性粒细胞增多和淋巴细胞减少。第一组的肌酐（CRTN，P = 0.032）和γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT，P = 0.012）大幅升高，而与第三组相比，第一组和第二组的葡萄糖（GLU，P = 0.04）和铁（Fe，P = 0.01）均显著降低。脂质过氧化物（LPO，P = 0.01）存在显著差异，显性感染的第一组水平最高（15.33±0.53），其次是PCR阳性的潜伏感染组（14.09±1.66），这表明与未感染的对照马（9.83±0.97）相比，红细胞中的脂质过氧化程度更高，氧化应激程度依次降低。与对照组（3.43±0.96）相比，寄生虫学阳性（0.82±0.14）和分子阳性病例（1.27±0.35）中的过氧化氢酶（CAT，P = 0.01）显著降低。与未感染的对照马相比，寄生虫学和分子学阳性病例中的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD，P = 0.01）、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH，P = 0.01）和铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP，P = 0.01）水平显著降低。红细胞计数与LPO和GSH呈负相关，与过氧化氢酶、SOD和FRAP呈正相关。总体而言，观察到过氧化氢酶CAT、SOD、GSH和FRAP活性等氧化参数大幅降低，而LPO水平显著升高，这表明伊氏锥虫感染的马的红细胞高度暴露于氧化损伤。
