Korany Ahmed Mahmoud, Hua Zi, Green Tonia, Hanrahan Ines, El-Shinawy Saadia Helmy, El-Kholy Adel, Hassan Gamal, Zhu Mei-Jun
School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States.
Food Hygiene and Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt.
Front Microbiol. 2018 Oct 12;9:2296. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02296. eCollection 2018.
contaminated processing equipment and the general packing environment have been implicated in deadly foodborne listeriosis outbreaks, highlighting the significance of proper sanitization and disinfection of food contact surfaces. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate antimicrobial efficacy of commercially available, economical sanitizers at practical concentrations against biofilm formed on polystyrene surfaces under different conditions. Ozonated water 1-min treatment at 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 ppm resulted in ∼0.9, 3.4, and 4.1 log reduction of single strain biofilm grown on polystyrene surfaces, respectively. However, its efficacy was dramatically diminished in multi-strain biofilm and was further compromised by aged biofilm and in the presence of organic matter. Quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC) at 100/400 ppm, chlorine at 100/200 ppm, chlorine dioxide at 2.5/5.0 ppm and peroxyacetic acid (PAA) at 80/160 ppm resulted in 2.4/3.6, 2.0/3.1, 2.4/3.8, and 3.6/4.8 log reduction of single strain biofilm, respectively. Antimicrobial efficacies of all tested sanitizers against 7-day-old biofilm were much lower when compared to 2-day-old biofilm, with PAA being the least influenced by the age of the biofilm. Organic matter conditioning with diluted milk or apple juice dramatically impacted the antimicrobial efficacy of all sanitizers. PAA treatment of 1 min at 160-200 ppm resulted in a 3.2-3.5 log reduction against 7-day-old biofilm in the presence of organic matter, thus showing its effectiveness in eradicating biofilm on polystyrene surface. Collectively, data highlight the importance of timely and thoroughly cleaning food contact surfaces before disinfection and provides practical information and guidance for the food industry in selecting the most effective sanitizer in their sanitizing regimes to eliminate biofilm.
受污染的加工设备和一般包装环境与致命的食源性李斯特菌病爆发有关，这凸显了对食品接触表面进行适当清洁和消毒的重要性。本研究旨在全面评估市售经济型消毒剂在实际浓度下对不同条件下聚苯乙烯表面形成的生物膜的抗菌效果。在1.0、2.0和4.0 ppm下用臭氧水进行1分钟处理，分别使聚苯乙烯表面生长的单菌株生物膜减少约0.9、3.4和4.1个对数级。然而，其在多菌株生物膜中的效果显著降低，并且在老化生物膜和存在有机物的情况下进一步受损。100/400 ppm的季铵化合物（QAC）、100/200 ppm的氯、2.5/5.0 ppm的二氧化氯和80/160 ppm的过氧乙酸（PAA）分别使单菌株生物膜减少2.4/3.6、2.0/3.1、2.4/3.8和3.6/4.8个对数级。与2天龄的生物膜相比，所有测试消毒剂对7天龄生物膜的抗菌效果要低得多，其中PAA受生物膜年龄的影响最小。用稀释牛奶或苹果汁进行有机物预处理显著影响了所有消毒剂的抗菌效果。在存在有机物的情况下，160 - 200 ppm的PAA处理1分钟可使7天龄生物膜减少3.2 - 3.5个对数级，从而表明其在根除聚苯乙烯表面生物膜方面的有效性。总体而言，数据突出了在消毒前及时彻底清洁食品接触表面的重要性，并为食品行业在其消毒方案中选择最有效的消毒剂以消除生物膜提供了实用信息和指导。
