College of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jinan, Shandong province, China.
J Esthet Restor Dent. 2018 Nov;30(6):532-537. doi: 10.1111/jerd.12430. Epub 2018 Oct 29.
To provide reference for computer-aided esthetic analysis and design of the maxillary anterior teeth.
Intraoral scanner was used to obtain the maxillary three-dimensional digital models of subjects with healthy periodontal tissue. In SpaceClaim, the occlusal plane was established as the horizontal reference plane to measure the positional relation between the gingival zenith (GZ) of the maxillary anterior teeth, the angle formed between the gingival line and the maxillary midline (GLA), the distance between the GZ of the lateral incisor and gingival line (LID), and the distance between the GZ and the vertical bisected middle surface along the long axis of the clinical crown (VBMS).
The GLA was 92.7 ± 3.2°. The GZ of the canine, lateral incisor, and left central incisor were located to the GZ of the right central incisor coronally at 0.68 ± 0.91, 0.65 ± 0.66 mm, and apically at 0.12 ± 0.42 mm, respectively. The LID was 0.65 ± 0.92 mm. The GZ of the canine, lateral incisor, and central incisor were located distally to the VBMS at 0.00 ± 0.06, 0.27 ± 0.19, and 0.73 ± 0.21 mm, respectively.
The GZ at different tooth position are in different heights. The direction and degree of the GZ deviation from the VBMS are also related to tooth position.
The clinical parameters of the gingival contour obtained in this research can be used for patients with unsound contour of periodontal soft tissue to do the anterior teeth esthetic analysis. Besides, it can also be used to determine the proper position between the GZs of the maxillary anterior teeth in anterior teeth esthetic design.
为上颌前牙的计算机辅助美学分析和设计提供参考。
使用口腔内扫描仪获取牙周组织健康受试者的上颌三维数字模型。在 SpaceClaim 中，建立咬合平面作为水平参考平面，以测量上颌前牙的牙龈顶点（GZ）、牙龈线与上颌中线之间的角度（GLA）、侧切牙的 GZ 与牙龈线之间的距离（LID）以及临床冠长轴沿垂直平分线的 GZ 与垂直平分线之间的距离（VBMS）。
GLA 为 92.7±3.2°。犬齿、侧切牙和左侧中切牙的 GZ 分别位于右侧中切牙冠向 0.68±0.91、0.65±0.66mm 和根尖向 0.12±0.42mm。LID 为 0.65±0.92mm。犬齿、侧切牙和中切牙的 GZ 分别位于 VBMS 远侧 0.00±0.06、0.27±0.19 和 0.73±0.21mm。
不同牙位的 GZ 处于不同的高度。GZ 偏离 VBMS 的方向和程度也与牙齿位置有关。
本研究中获得的牙龈轮廓临床参数可用于牙周软组织轮廓不健全的患者进行前牙美学分析。此外，它还可用于确定上颌前牙 GZ 之间的适当位置，以进行前牙美学设计。
