de Graaf Nastasja M, Manjra Ilham I, Hames Anna, Zitz Claudia
The Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, UK.
Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2019 Apr;24(2):291-303. doi: 10.1177/1359104518805801. Epub 2018 Oct 30.
Little is known about how social and cultural variants interact with gender identity development. This article aims to identify the ethnicities of children and young people referred to the United Kingdom's national Gender Identity Development Service (GIDS), and compare the ethnicity data with the UK child population and referrals to Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS).
GIDS referrals made between April 2012 and April 2015 for children and young people were retrieved. Ethnicity data were obtained by the '16 + 1' ethnicity list. Chi-square and t-tests were performed on the demographics.
Less than 10% of the 995 referrals at GIDS were from Black and minority ethnic (BME) groups - an underrepresentation as compared with both the national population and CAMHS figures. No significant differences in ethnic representation were found between the demographic birth-assigned sexes, across age groups, or year of referral.
Hypotheses proposed for this underrepresentation take into account both the potential barriers to accessing services and the possibility of cross-cultural variations in the conceptualisations of gender, gender roles and gender diversity. Ethnicity, culture and religion, and their overlapping relationship with gender need further exploration.
关于社会和文化变量如何与性别认同发展相互作用，目前所知甚少。本文旨在确定被转介至英国国家性别认同发展服务机构（GIDS）的儿童和青少年的种族，并将种族数据与英国儿童人口以及转介至儿童和青少年心理健康服务机构（CAMHS）的数据进行比较。
检索2012年4月至2015年4月期间向GIDS转介的儿童和青少年信息。种族数据通过“16 + 1”种族列表获取。对人口统计学数据进行卡方检验和t检验。
在GIDS的995例转介案例中，来自黑人和少数族裔（BME）群体的比例不到10%——与全国人口和CAMHS的数据相比，该比例偏低。在人口统计学上按出生分配的性别、不同年龄组或转介年份之间，未发现种族代表性存在显著差异。
针对这种代表性不足提出的假设，既考虑了获得服务的潜在障碍，也考虑了在性别、性别角色和性别多样性概念方面跨文化差异的可能性。种族、文化和宗教及其与性别的重叠关系需要进一步探索。
