Delea Thomas E, Sharma Arati, Grossman Aaron, Eichten Caitlin, Fenton Keenan, Josephson Neil, Richhariya Akshara, Moskowitz Alison J
a Policy Analysis Inc. (PAI) , Brookline , MA , USA.
b Seattle Genetics Inc. , Seattle , WA , USA.
J Med Econ. 2019 Feb;22(2):117-130. doi: 10.1080/13696998.2018.1542599. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
The ECHELON-1 trial demonstrated efficacy and safety of brentuximab vedotin plus doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (A + AVD) vs doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) as frontline therapy for stage III/IV classical Hodgkin lymphoma. This analysis evaluated the cost-effectiveness of A + AVD from a US healthcare payer perspective.
The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), defined as the incremental costs per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained, was estimated using a non-homogenous semi-Markov cohort model with health states defined on progression following frontline treatment, and for those with progression, receipt of autologous stem-cell transplant (ASCT), and progression after ASCT. Patients undergoing ASCT were classified as refractory or relapsed based on timing of progression. Probabilities of progression/death with frontline therapy were based on parametric survival distributions fit to data on modified progression-free survival (mPFS) from ECHELON-1. Duration of frontline treatment and incidence of adverse events were from ECHELON-1. Utility values for patients in the frontline mPFS state were based on EQ-5D data from ECHELON-1. Other inputs were from published sources. A lifetime time horizon was used. Costs and QALYs were discounted at 3%. Analyses were conducted alternately using data on mPFS for the overall and North American populations of ECHELON-1.
The ICER for A + AVD vs ABVD was $172,074/QALY gained in the analysis using data on mPFS for the overall population and $69,442/QALY gained in the analysis using data on mPFS for the North American population of ECHELON-1. The ICER is sensitive to estimated costs of ASCT and frontline failure.
The ICER for A + AVD vs ABVD based on ECHELON-1 is within the range of threshold values for cost-effectiveness in the US. A + AVD is, therefore, likely to be a cost-effective frontline therapy for patients with stage III/IV classical Hodgkin lymphoma from a US healthcare payer perspective.
ECHELON-1试验证明了本妥昔单抗维达汀联合多柔比星、长春花碱和达卡巴嗪(A+AVD)对比多柔比星、博来霉素、长春花碱和达卡巴嗪(ABVD)作为Ⅲ/Ⅳ期经典型霍奇金淋巴瘤一线治疗方案的疗效和安全性。本分析从美国医疗保健支付方的角度评估了A+AVD的成本效益。
增量成本效益比(ICER)定义为每获得一个质量调整生命年(QALY)的增量成本,使用非齐次半马尔可夫队列模型进行估计,健康状态根据一线治疗后的病情进展、病情进展患者接受自体干细胞移植(ASCT)的情况以及ASCT后的病情进展来定义。接受ASCT的患者根据病情进展时间分为难治性或复发性。一线治疗的病情进展/死亡概率基于根据ECHELON-1中改良无进展生存期(mPFS)数据拟合的参数生存分布。一线治疗持续时间和不良事件发生率来自ECHELON-1。一线mPFS状态患者的效用值基于ECHELON-1的EQ-5D数据。其他输入数据来自已发表的资料。采用终身时间范围。成本和QALY按3%进行贴现。分别使用ECHELON-1总体人群和北美人群的mPFS数据进行分析。
在使用ECHELON-1总体人群mPFS数据的分析中,A+AVD对比ABVD的ICER为每获得一个QALY增加172,074美元,在使用ECHELON-1北美人群mPFS数据的分析中为每获得一个QALY增加69,442美元。ICER对ASCT估计成本和一线治疗失败情况敏感。
基于ECHELON-1试验,A+AVD对比ABVD的ICER在美国成本效益阈值范围内。因此,从美国医疗保健支付方的角度来看,A+AVD可能是Ⅲ/Ⅳ期经典型霍奇金淋巴瘤患者具有成本效益的一线治疗方案。