Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Professor Francisco Degni 55, 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Professor Francisco Degni 55, 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
Environ Res. 2019 Jan;168:420-427. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.10.010. Epub 2018 Oct 13.
Huge amounts of waste containing flame retardants reach landfills annually, which can result in environmental contamination if this type of solid residues is not properly managed. This study presents data concerning the occurrence of organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and new brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) in soil, dust, leachate and well water samples from a landfill in Brazil. Samples were collected in different points of the landfill site, including offices, concierge, electronic waste storage area, bulk waste storage area, a place where a recycling cooperative operates, leachate pound and wells. Most of the flame retardants (FRs) were quantified in soil samples (up to 2500 ng g). The tris(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCIPP) and tris(1,3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) were present at the highest levels in the site where bulk waste was disposed in the open air. The most abundant brominated FRs in soil samples were BDE-99, BDE-209, decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) and 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE), and the highest levels were observed in the samples collected from the electronic waste storage area. Concerning dust samples, the highest levels of brominated FRs were observed in the electronic waste storage area, while the highest levels of OPFRs were observed in the landfill office. TCIPP, TDCIPP and tris(2-choroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) were quantified in the well water sample collected downstream the bulk waste area. Finally, six OPFRs were quantified in leachate at concentrations ranging from 14 to 965 ng L. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that an improper management of wastes containing FRs in landfills can potentially contaminate the surrounding environment and groundwater.
大量含有阻燃剂的废物每年都会进入垃圾填埋场，如果这种固体废物得不到妥善管理，可能会造成环境污染。本研究提供了巴西一个垃圾填埋场的土壤、灰尘、渗滤液和井水样本中有机磷阻燃剂（OPFRs）、多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）和新型溴化阻燃剂（NBFRs）的含量数据。这些样本是在垃圾填埋场的不同地点采集的，包括办公室、门卫室、电子废物储存区、大宗废物储存区、一个回收合作社运营的地方、渗滤液池和水井。大多数阻燃剂（FRs）都在土壤样本中被定量（高达 2500ng/g）。在露天处置大宗废物的地点，三（2-氯异丙基）磷酸酯（TCIPP）和三（1,3-二氯异丙基）磷酸酯（TDCIPP）的含量最高。土壤样本中含量最丰富的溴化 FRs 是 BDE-99、BDE-209、十溴二苯乙烷（DBDPE）和 1,2-双（2,4,6-三溴苯氧基）乙烷（BTBPE），这些物质在从电子废物储存区采集的样本中含量最高。关于灰尘样本，电子废物储存区的溴化 FRs 含量最高，而垃圾填埋场办公室的 OPFRs 含量最高。在从大宗废物区下游采集的井水样本中定量了 TCIPP、TDCIPP 和三（2-氯乙基）磷酸酯（TCEP）。最后，在渗滤液中定量了六种 OPFRs，浓度范围为 14 至 965ng/L。总之，本研究表明，垃圾填埋场中含有 FRs 的废物管理不当，可能会对周围环境和地下水造成潜在污染。
