Borsani Elisa, Della Vedova Anna Maria, Rezzani Rita, Rodella Luigi Fabrizio, Cristini Carlo
Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Division of Anatomy and Physiopathology, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Interdipartimental University Center of Research "Adaption and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs - (ARTO)", University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Division of Neurosciences, Unit of General Psychology, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
Brain Dev. 2019 Mar;41(3):225-233. doi: 10.1016/j.braindev.2018.10.009. Epub 2018 Oct 31.
Understanding the association between fetal nervous system structure and functioning should be an important goal in neurodevelopmental sciences, especially when considering the emerging knowledge regarding the importance of prenatal onset. Intrauterine development of the human central nervous system consists of specific processes: neurogenesis, neuronal migration, synaptogenesis, and myelination. However, as extensively shown by the neurobehavioral studies in the last century, the development of the central nervous system involves both structure and functioning. It is now recognised that the developing motor and sensory systems are able to function long before they have completed their neural maturation and that the intrauterine experience contributes to neurobehavioral development. This review analyzes the recent literature, looking at the association between the human nervous system maturation and fetal behavior. This article will follow the development and skill acquisition of the anatomical nervous system across the three trimesters of the gestation period.
了解胎儿神经系统结构与功能之间的关联应是神经发育科学的一个重要目标，尤其是在考虑到有关产前发病重要性的新知识时。人类中枢神经系统的子宫内发育包括特定过程：神经发生、神经元迁移、突触形成和髓鞘形成。然而，正如上世纪神经行为研究广泛表明的那样，中枢神经系统的发育涉及结构和功能两个方面。现在人们认识到，发育中的运动和感觉系统在完成神经成熟之前就能发挥功能，并且子宫内的经历有助于神经行为的发展。这篇综述分析了最近的文献，探讨了人类神经系统成熟与胎儿行为之间的关联。本文将追踪妊娠期三个阶段解剖学神经系统的发育和技能习得情况。
