Ross Emma, Gupta Luke, Sanders Liam
English Institute of Sport, Bisham Abbey National High Performance Centre, Marlow, United Kingdom.
English Institute of Sport, Bisham Abbey National High Performance Centre, Marlow, United Kingdom.
Prog Brain Res. 2018;240:201-217. doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.08.001. Epub 2018 Oct 3.
Research from sports science and related clinical and scientific fields produces knowledge that is often highly relevant to high performance sport. However, there exists a gap between current science and applied coaching or sports science practice. Addressing, and bridging, this gap from both sides of the research-application divide is an important ambition. In this commentary we discuss the wonderful, yet often unforgiving challenge of improving athlete performance as a practitioner or coach in high performance sport. Blending existing knowledge (that which we know works), transferable knowledge (that which has worked elsewhere), anecdotal observations (that which we have seen work) and innovation (where the risk: reward ratio of it working at all is high), to find the right solution, at the right time, for the specific (and often unique) individual is the challenging "art" of application. Here we explore this challenge related to the high performance sports system and the people within it, then more specifically to coaching and learning, and finally to practitioners and athletes using a case study example of applying sleep science to the high performance environment.
体育科学以及相关临床与科学领域的研究成果往往与高水平竞技体育高度相关。然而，当前的科学研究与应用教练指导或体育科学实践之间存在差距。从研究应用分歧的双方来解决并弥合这一差距是一项重要目标。在这篇评论中，我们将探讨作为高水平竞技体育从业者或教练，提升运动员表现所面临的美妙却又常常严苛的挑战。融合现有知识（我们知道有效的知识）、可转移知识（在其他地方已奏效的知识）、轶事观察（我们见过奏效的情况）以及创新（其成功的风险回报比很高），以便在正确的时间为特定（且通常独特）的个体找到正确的解决方案，这是具有挑战性的应用“艺术”。在此，我们先探讨与高水平体育系统及其内部人员相关的这一挑战，接着更具体地探讨教练指导与学习方面的挑战，最后通过将睡眠科学应用于高水平环境的案例研究示例，探讨从业者与运动员面临的挑战。
