Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2019 Feb;47:8-13. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2018.10.004. Epub 2018 Nov 2.
Glutathione is a low molecular weight thiol that is important for maintaining intracellular redox homeostasis. Some bacteria are able to import exogenous glutathione as a nutritional source and to counter oxidative stress. In cytosolic pathogens Burkholderia pseudomallei and Listeria monocytogenes, host glutathione regulates bacterial virulence. In B. pseudomallei, glutathione activates the membrane-bound histidine kinase sensor VirA that leads to activation of the Type VI Secretion System. In L. monocytogenes, host glutathione leads to the binding of bacterial glutathione to the master virulence regulator PrfA as an allosteric activator. Glutathione can also modulate virulence factors to control their activity by S-glutathionylation. Thus, host glutathione acts as a spacio-temporal cue for some pathogens to switch on their virulence programs at the right time and place.
谷胱甘肽是一种低分子量的巯基化合物，对维持细胞内氧化还原稳态很重要。一些细菌能够将外源性谷胱甘肽作为营养源导入，并抵抗氧化应激。在细胞质病原体伯克霍尔德氏菌和李斯特菌中，宿主谷胱甘肽调节细菌的毒力。在伯克霍尔德氏菌中，谷胱甘肽激活膜结合组氨酸激酶传感器 VirA，导致 VI 型分泌系统的激活。在李斯特菌中，宿主谷胱甘肽导致细菌谷胱甘肽与主毒力调节因子 PrfA 结合，作为别构激活剂。谷胱甘肽还可以通过 S-谷胱甘肽化来调节毒力因子，以控制它们的活性。因此，宿主谷胱甘肽作为一些病原体的时空线索，在适当的时间和地点激活它们的毒力程序。
