Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research (Lang, Orpana), Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada; Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group (Lang), CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Departments of Medicine (Alam, Cahill) and of Community Health and Epidemiology (Alam, Cahill), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS; Department of Nutrition (Cahill), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Mass.; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine (Drucker), and Department of Psychiatry (Kozloff), University of Toronto; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine (Drucker), Women's College Hospital; Women's College Research Institute (Drucker), Toronto, Ont.; School of Population and Public Health (Gotay), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Institut de la statistique du Québec (Kayibanda), Québec, Que.; Slaight Family Centre for Youth in Transition (Kozloff), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ont.; School of Physical and Occupational Therapy (Mate), McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Departments of Community Health Sciences (Patten) and of Psychiatry (Patten), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; School of Epidemiology and Public Health (Orpana), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
CMAJ. 2018 Nov 5;190(44):E1296-E1304. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.180698.
The Global Burden of Disease Study represents a large and systematic effort to describe the burden of diseases and injuries over the past 3 decades. We aimed to summarize the Canadian data on burden of diseases and injuries.
We summarized data from the 2016 iteration of the Global Burden of Disease Study to provide current (2016) and historical estimates for all-cause and cause-specific diseases and injuries using mortality, years of life lost, years lived with disability and disability-adjusted life years in Canada. We also compared changes in life expectancy and health-adjusted life expectancy between Canada and 21 countries with a high sociodemographic index.
In 2016, leading causes of all-age disability-adjusted life years were neoplasms, cardiovascular diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, and mental and substance use disorders, which together accounted for about 56% of disability-adjusted life years. Between 2006 and 2016, the rate of all-cause age-standardized years of life lost declined by 12%, while the rate of all-cause age-standardized years lived with disability remained relatively stable (+1%), and the rate of all-cause age-standardized disability-adjusted life year declined by 5%. In 2016, Canada aligned with countries that have a similar high sociodemographic index in terms of life expectancy (82 yr) and health-adjusted life expectancy (71 yr).
The patterns of mortality and morbidity in Canada reflect an aging population and improving patterns of population health. If current trends continue, Canada will continue to face challenges of increasing population morbidity and disability alongside decreasing premature mortality.
全球疾病负担研究代表了一项大规模且系统的努力，旨在描述过去 30 年来疾病和伤害的负担。我们旨在总结加拿大的疾病和伤害负担数据。
我们总结了 2016 年全球疾病负担研究的迭代数据，以提供加拿大目前（2016 年）和历史上所有原因和特定原因疾病和伤害的估计值，使用死亡率、丧失的生命年、失能生命年和残疾调整生命年。我们还比较了加拿大与 21 个人口社会经济指数较高的国家之间的预期寿命和健康调整预期寿命的变化。
2016 年，全年龄段残疾调整生命年的主要原因是肿瘤、心血管疾病、肌肉骨骼疾病和精神及物质使用障碍，这些原因共占残疾调整生命年的约 56%。2006 年至 2016 年间，全因年龄标准化生命年损失率下降了 12%，而全因年龄标准化失能生命年率保持相对稳定（+1%），全因年龄标准化残疾调整生命年率下降了 5%。2016 年，加拿大在预期寿命（82 岁）和健康调整预期寿命（71 岁）方面与具有相似高人口社会经济指数的国家保持一致。
加拿大的死亡率和发病率模式反映了人口老龄化和人口健康状况的改善。如果当前趋势继续下去，加拿大将继续面临人口发病率和残疾率增加以及过早死亡率下降的挑战。
