University of Oregon, College of Education, 1215 University St., Eugene, OR, 97403, USA; Oregon Research Institute, 1776 Millrace Drive, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA.
Oregon Research Institute, 1776 Millrace Drive, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2019 Jan 1;194:45-50. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.09.012. Epub 2018 Oct 24.
Little is known about the course of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) in representative samples during high-risk periods of adolescence and early adulthood. The primary objective of this research is to describe the prevalence and course of initial AUD episodes experienced between childhood and age 30 in a regionally representative cohort sample.
Study data are from an epidemiological study of 816 youth. Participants were initially selected at random from nine high schools in western Oregon, USA. Four waves of data collection were conducted between ages 16 and 30. AUD course milestones are referenced to participants' age.
Results indicated that male participants (43%) were significantly more likely to be diagnosed with a lifetime AUD than female participants (28%), OR [CI] = 1.97 [1.47-2.65], and rate of first incidence was especially high between ages 18 and 24.9, a developmental period that also corresponded to the peak interval in prevalence rates. The rate of first AUD incidence substantially diminished beginning around age 25. Among those with an initial AUD episode, 87% recovered by age 30 and, of these, the average episode length was 23 months. Among recovered cases, 33% went on to experience a second AUD episode (i.e., a recurrence) after a minimum 12-month asymptomatic recovery period. Risk for recurrence remained relatively high within the 5 years following initial AUD offset.
AUDs are common lifetime conditions in representative samples, whereby most affected individuals by age 30 experience a time-limited course rather than a recurring or persistent course.
在青少年和成年早期的高危时期，代表性样本中关于酒精使用障碍（AUD）的病程知之甚少。本研究的主要目的是描述在一个具有地区代表性的队列样本中，从儿童期到 30 岁期间初次 AUD 发作的患病率和病程。
研究数据来自美国俄勒冈州西部 9 所高中随机抽取的 816 名青少年的一项流行病学研究。在 16 至 30 岁之间进行了 4 波数据收集。AUD 病程里程碑参考参与者的年龄。
结果表明，男性参与者（43%）比女性参与者（28%）更有可能被诊断为终生 AUD，OR [CI] = 1.97 [1.47-2.65]，且首次发病的发生率尤其高，在 18 至 24.9 岁之间，这是一个发育时期，也对应于流行率的高峰期。首次 AUD 发作的发生率从 25 岁左右开始大幅下降。在初次 AUD 发作的患者中，87%在 30 岁时康复，其中，平均发作时间为 23 个月。在康复病例中，33%在至少 12 个月无症状恢复期后经历了第二次 AUD 发作（即复发）。初次 AUD 发作后 5 年内，复发风险仍然相对较高。
在代表性样本中，AUD 是常见的终身疾病，大多数受影响的个体在 30 岁前经历有限时间的病程，而不是反复发作或持续的病程。
