Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Genome Biol. 2018 Nov 6;19(1):187. doi: 10.1186/s13059-018-1566-2.
DNA methylation plays important roles in determining cellular identity, disease, and environmental responses, but little is known about the mechanisms that drive methylation changes during cellular differentiation and tumorigenesis. Meanwhile, the causal relationship between DNA methylation and transcription remains incompletely understood. Recently developed targeted DNA methylation manipulation tools can address these gaps in knowledge, leading to new insights into how methylation governs gene expression. Here, we summarize technological developments in the DNA methylation editing field and discuss the remaining challenges facing current tools, as well as potential future directions.
DNA 甲基化在决定细胞身份、疾病和环境反应方面起着重要作用,但人们对驱动细胞分化和肿瘤发生过程中甲基化变化的机制知之甚少。同时,DNA 甲基化与转录之间的因果关系仍不完全清楚。最近开发的靶向 DNA 甲基化操作工具可以解决这些知识空白,深入了解甲基化如何调控基因表达。本文总结了 DNA 甲基化编辑领域的技术进展,并讨论了当前工具面临的挑战以及潜在的未来方向。