Microbiology Unit, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2018 Oct;22(20):7045-7057. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_201810_16177.
Functional constipation (FC) is a common condition in which the gut microbiota composition plays a fundamental role. The increasing knowledge on the role of gut microbes in the regulation of gut motility and stool consistency has allowed reconsidering, with a new scientific-based approach, the possibility to target the composition of intestinal bacterial populations for FC treatment. In this review, we evaluate recent attempts that used prebiotics, natural fibers or probiotics to treat FC, with a deep microbiome-based focus.
This is a literature review of articles published in Medline, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Studies on FC in adults and children were identified using the following terms: constipation AND probiotics OR prebiotics OR synbiotics PR fibers OR microbiome OR microbiota. Selected animal studies were also considered if showing mechanistic observations.
FC is associated with alteration in microbiome composition. Motility and fecal consistency are affected with different efficacy by the type of fiber, prebiotic or probiotic strain used in patients.
Selected bacterial strains, mainly belonging to the Bifidobacterium genus, and some poorly or non-fermented natural fibers, such as Psyllium, may significantly improve FC and may represent the basis for an effective supplementation.
功能性便秘（FC）是一种常见病症，肠道微生物群组成在其中起着根本性作用。人们对肠道微生物在调节肠道蠕动和粪便稠度方面的作用的了解不断增加，这使得我们可以用一种基于新科学的方法重新考虑针对肠道细菌群体组成来治疗 FC 的可能性。在这篇综述中，我们评估了最近使用益生元、天然纤维或益生菌治疗 FC 的尝试，重点是基于微生物组的方法。
这是对发表在 Medline、Web of Science 和 Cochrane 图书馆的文章的文献综述。使用以下术语搜索成人和儿童 FC 的研究：便秘和益生菌或益生元或合生元 PR 纤维或微生物组或微生物群。如果显示出机制观察结果，也考虑了一些选定的动物研究。
FC 与微生物组组成的改变有关。不同类型的纤维、益生菌或益生元菌株在患者中的应用对运动和粪便稠度的影响效果不同。
一些特定的细菌菌株，主要属于双歧杆菌属，以及一些不易或不能发酵的天然纤维，如车前子，可能会显著改善 FC，并且可能成为有效的补充剂的基础。
