Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Science, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America.
Protected Resources and Biodiversity Division, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Miami, FL, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2018 Nov 7;13(11):e0198539. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198539. eCollection 2018.
The Biscayne Bay Coastal Wetlands (BBCW) project of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) aims to reduce point-source freshwater discharges and spread freshwater flow along the mainland shoreline of southern Biscayne Bay. These actions will be taken to approximate conditions in the coastal wetlands and bay that existed prior to construction of canals and water control structures. An increase in pink shrimp (Farfantepenaeus duorarum) density to ≥ 2 individuals m-2 during the wet season (i.e., August-October) along the mainland shoreline was previously proposed as an indication of BBCW success. This study examined pre-BBCW baseline densities and compared them with the proposed target. Densities were monitored by seasonal (wet, dry) throw-trapping (1 m2 replicated in triplicate) at 47 sites along ~22 km of the southwestern Biscayne Bay coastline over 10 years (2007-2016). Densities varied across years and were most often higher in dry seasons. Quantile regression revealed density limitation by four habitat attributes: water temperature (°C), depth (m), salinity (ppt), and submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV: % cover). Procrustean analyses that tested for concordance between the spatial and temporal distributions of shrimp densities and habitat metrics found that water temperature, water depth, and salinity explained ~ 28%, 28%, and 22% of density variability, respectively. No significant relationship with SAV was observed. Hierarchical clustering was used to identify spatially and temporally similar groupings of pink shrimp densities by sites or season-years. Significant groupings were then investigated with respect to potentially limiting habitat attributes. Six site and four year-season clusters were identified. Although habitat attributes significantly differed among spatial clusters, within-cluster median pink shrimp densities did not correlate with within-cluster minima, maxima, medians, or standard deviations of habitat attributes. Overall, pink shrimp density ([Formula: see text] = 0.86, SD = 1.32 shrimp m-2) was significantly lower (t(α = 0.10,2),939 = -26.53, P <0.0001) than the 2 shrimp m-2 CERP Interim Goal target. Pink shrimp density corresponded significantly with salinity and appeared limited to density < 2 shrimp m-2 by salinity < ~18 ppt. Salinity is an environmental attribute that will be directly influenced by CERP implementation.
比斯坎湾沿海湿地（BBCW）项目是综合大沼泽地恢复计划（CERP）的一部分，旨在减少点源淡水排放，并沿比斯坎湾大陆海岸线扩散淡水流动。这些行动旨在接近沿海湿地和海湾在建造运河和水控结构之前的条件。先前提出，在大陆海岸线的雨季（即 8 月至 10 月）期间，粉红虾（Farfantepenaeus duorarum）的密度增加到≥2 只/m2，作为 BBCW 成功的指标。本研究检查了 BBCW 之前的基线密度，并将其与提议的目标进行了比较。十年来（2007-2016 年），在比斯坎湾西南海岸线约 22 公里的 47 个地点，通过季节性（湿季、干季）抛网（1m2 重复三次）监测密度。密度随年份而变化，在干季通常更高。分位数回归显示，密度受到四个生境属性的限制：水温（°C）、水深（m）、盐度（ppt）和淹没水生植被（SAV：覆盖百分比）。普氏分析测试了虾密度和生境指标的时空分布之间的一致性，发现水温、水深和盐度分别解释了密度变异性的 28%、28%和 22%。未观察到与 SAV 的显著关系。层次聚类用于根据站点或季节-年份识别粉红虾密度的时空相似分组。然后，对具有潜在限制作用的生境属性进行了显著分组。确定了六个站点和四个年-季聚类。尽管生境属性在空间聚类之间有显著差异，但聚类内的粉红虾平均密度与聚类内的最小、最大、中位数或标准差没有相关性。总体而言，粉红虾密度（[公式：见正文] = 0.86，SD = 1.32 只/m2）显著低于（t（α = 0.10，2），939 = -26.53，P <0.0001）CERP 中期目标的 2 只/m2。粉红虾密度与盐度显著相关，似乎受到盐度<18 ppt 的限制，密度<2 只/m2。盐度是一个环境属性，将直接受到 CERP 实施的影响。
