Albertazzi Liliana
Laboratory of Experimental Phenomenology, Department of Humanities, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2018 Oct 22;9:1933. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01933. eCollection 2018.
Quite a few cognitive scientists are working toward a naturalization of phenomenology. Looking more closely at the relevant literature, however, the 'naturalizing phenomenology' proposals show the presence of different conceptions, assumptions, and formalisms, further differentiated by different philosophical and/or scientific concerns. This paper shows that the original Husserlian stance is deeper, clearer and more advanced than most supposed contemporary improvements. The recent achievements of experimental phenomenology show how to 'naturalize' phenomenology without destroying the guiding assumptions of phenomenology. The requirements grounding the scientific explanation of subjective experience are discussed, such as the nature of the stimuli, their variables, and their manipulation by properly phenomenological methods.
相当多的认知科学家正在致力于现象学的自然化。然而,更仔细地审视相关文献会发现,“现象学自然化”的提议存在不同的概念、假设和形式体系,并且因不同的哲学和/或科学关注点而进一步分化。本文表明,胡塞尔的原始立场比大多数所谓的当代改进更为深刻、清晰和先进。实验现象学的最新成果展示了如何在不破坏现象学指导假设的情况下“自然化”现象学。文中还讨论了对主观体验进行科学解释的基础要求,如刺激的性质、其变量以及通过适当的现象学方法对它们的操纵。