Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Trauma Surgery, St. Josef Hospital Werden, University Medicine Essen, Propsteistrasse 2, 45239, Essen, Germany.
Hernia. 2019 Apr;23(2):281-286. doi: 10.1007/s10029-018-1846-5. Epub 2018 Nov 7.
Purpose Laparoscopic transperitoneal endoscopic (TAPP) and totally extraperitoneal (TEP) hernia repair have been well established in primary and recurrent inguinal hernias [1]. Only few studies [2-5] evaluate the surgical outcome of patients with inguinal hernias after radical prostatectomy, using the TAPP or TEP procedure. But controversies remain including its feasibility, safety and recurrence rate. The mesh size to be used and the necessity of a complete dissection of the scared retropubic space are discussed controversially. Long-term follow-up studies are missing.Methods After introducing the technique of a laparoscopic transperitoneal endoscopic hernioplasty (TAPP) at the hospital in October 1992, this approach had been recommended to all adult patients with inguinal and femoral hernias. In our single-center study, the medical records of all 5,764 patients with 7,010 inguinal and femoral hernias, operated from 1993 until 2009, were enrolled in a retrospective analysis. A TAPP procedure was performed in 6,582 hernias (Peitsch, Surg Endosc 28:671-682, 2014). During that period, 48 patients with 55 inguinal hernias on average of 3.7 years (3 months-14 years) after prior open radical retropubic prostatectomy underwent hernia surgery (92.7% TAPP). The age of these patients, time required for surgery, hernia location (medial, lateral, combined and bilateral), the perioperative (30-day complications "Clavien Classification") and late complications with a median postoperative follow-up time of 8.0 years (2-17 years) were analyzed and compared with the data of the control group (all TAPP procedures for inguinal and femoral hernias).Results Patients with inguinal hernias after radical open retropubic prostatectomy were older as patients of the control group (70.3 vs. 59.1 years) and the medial time required for surgery was significantly longer (72.9 vs. 41.3 min). Less frequent were bilateral inguinal hernias (25.5 vs. 35.8%), medial inguinal hernias (Hernia classification Nyhus Type 3A) with 5.5 vs. 17.9% and femoral hernias (0 vs. 4.9%). No hernia patient after radical prostatectomy and only 0.1% of the control group (n = 6582 hernias) had a conversion to an anterior open repair. One patient after radical prostatectomy needed a laparoscopic drainage of a hemato-seroma 48 h postoperatively (1/51). The rate of late postoperative complications was low. 4.8% of patients reported of groin pain and 2.4% of testicular pain longer than 28 days postoperatively. The hernia recurrence rate of 2.4% (1/42 TAPP) was not significantly different from the control group (1.8%, 16/896 hernias).Conclusions In the hands of surgeons with large experiences in endoscopic laparoscopic hernia repair, the laparoscopic transperitoneal hernioplasty (TAPP) after previous radical open retropubic prostatectomy is safe and effective with low intra- and postoperative complications and low hernia recurrences (2.4%). A TAPP technique with closure of hernia gaps larger than 1 × 1 cm with non-absorbable surgical sutures and a mesh-size of 13 × 13-15 cm is requested. A complete sharp dissection of the retropubic scared tissue for mesh implantation is not mandatory.
目的 腹腔镜经腹腹膜前(TAPP)和完全腹膜外(TEP)疝修补术已在原发性和复发性腹股沟疝中得到广泛应用[1]。只有少数研究[2-5]评估了根治性前列腺切除术后腹股沟疝患者使用 TAPP 或 TEP 手术的手术结果。但仍存在争议,包括其可行性、安全性和复发率。讨论的焦点包括使用的网孔大小和完全解剖耻骨后瘢痕组织的必要性。缺乏长期随访研究。
方法 1992 年 10 月在医院引入腹腔镜经腹疝修补术(TAPP)技术后,该方法被推荐给所有成人腹股沟和股疝患者。在我们的单中心研究中,回顾性分析了 1993 年至 2009 年期间 5764 例 7010 例腹股沟和股疝患者的病历。其中 6582 例(Peitsch,Surg Endosc 28:671-682,2014)采用 TAPP 手术。在此期间,48 例患者(平均年龄 70.3 岁)在根治性耻骨后前列腺切除术后 3.7 年(3 个月至 14 年)平均发生 55 例腹股沟疝,接受疝手术(92.7% TAPP)。分析这些患者的年龄、手术所需时间、疝位置(内侧、外侧、合并和双侧)、围手术期(30 天并发症“Clavien 分类”)和晚期并发症,中位随访时间为 8.0 年(2-17 年),并与对照组(所有腹股沟和股疝的 TAPP 手术)的数据进行比较。
结果 根治性耻骨后前列腺切除术的腹股沟疝患者年龄较大(70.3 岁 vs. 59.1 岁),手术所需的内侧时间明显较长(72.9 分钟 vs. 41.3 分钟)。较少发生双侧腹股沟疝(25.5% vs. 35.8%)、内侧腹股沟疝(Hernia classification Nyhus Type 3A)5.5% vs. 17.9%和股疝(0% vs. 4.9%)。根治性前列腺切除术后无疝患者,对照组(n=6582 例疝)仅有 0.1%转为开放性前修补术。1 例根治性前列腺切除术后患者术后 48 小时需要腹腔镜引流血肿(1/51)。术后晚期并发症发生率较低。4.8%的患者报告腹股沟疼痛,2.4%的患者报告睾丸疼痛超过 28 天。疝复发率 2.4%(42 例 TAPP 中 1 例)与对照组(1.8%,896 例疝中 16 例)无显著差异。
结论 在具有丰富腹腔镜疝修补术经验的外科医生手中,根治性耻骨后前列腺切除术的腹腔镜经腹疝修补术(TAPP)是安全有效的,具有较低的围手术期并发症发生率和较低的疝复发率(2.4%)。要求使用非吸收性手术缝线和 13×13-15cm 大小的网片封闭大于 1×1cm 的疝间隙。对于网状物植入,完全锐利解剖耻骨后瘢痕组织并非强制性的。