Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2018 Nov 7;20(12):60. doi: 10.1007/s11883-018-0760-8.
ᅟ: Chronic total occlusions (CTOs) are an important and increasingly recognized subgroup of coronary lesions, documented in at least 30%, but up to 52% of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing coronary angiography. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of these lesions is increasingly pursued, with excellent success rates. PURPOSE OF REVIEW: It is known that gender differences exist in the presentation of CAD, as well as in clinical outcomes after routine PCI; however, it is not well described how these differences pertain to management of CTOs. This review summarizes the available data regarding sex-based differences in CTO management and outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS: Women comprise approximately 20% of CTO registry and trial participants. As has been demonstrated in PCI studies, women comprise a minority of patients in CTO PCI registries and trials. Sex-based differences exist in complication rates, collateral formation, and outcomes and need further evaluation in future studies.
慢性完全闭塞（CTO）是冠状动脉病变的一个重要且日益被认可的亚组，在至少 30%、但多达 52%接受冠状动脉造影的冠状动脉疾病（CAD）患者中得到证实。这些病变的经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）越来越受到关注，成功率很高。
已知 CAD 的表现以及常规 PCI 后的临床结果存在性别差异；然而，关于这些差异如何与 CTO 处理相关，目前还描述得不够清楚。本综述总结了关于 CTO 处理和结果方面基于性别的差异的现有数据。
女性约占 CTO 登记和试验参与者的 20%。正如 PCI 研究所示，女性在 CTO PCI 登记处和试验中占患者的少数。在并发症发生率、侧支形成和结果方面存在性别差异，需要在未来的研究中进一步评估。
