Human Information Processing Laboratory, Faculty of Social Sciences/Psychology, Tampere University, Tampere FI-33014, Finland.
Human Information Processing Laboratory, Faculty of Social Sciences/Psychology, Tampere University, Tampere FI-33014, Finland.
Conscious Cogn. 2018 Nov;66:65-73. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2018.10.006. Epub 2018 Nov 5.
The perception of watching eyes has been found to reduce dishonest behavior. This effect, however, has only been shown in situations where it can be explained by increased adherence to rules and norms, and thus a watching-eyes effect on dishonesty per se has not been demonstrated. Moreover, the effect has been investigated only with images of watching eyes, not in an interactive situation with a live person, which may arguably have different effects on behavior. In the present study, the effect of watching eyes on dishonesty was investigated with an interactive computer game of lying. Participants played the game against a confederate, whom they believed to be another participant. On each trial, they were briefly presented with a view of the confederate, after which they chose whether to lie in the game. The confederate alternated between the use of direct and downward gaze. The results showed that another individual's direct gaze reduced lying in the game. The findings have implications for both everyday and professional situations, such as clinical conversations and police interrogations.
观看眼睛的感知被发现可以减少不诚实的行为。然而，这种效应仅在可以通过增加对规则和规范的遵守来解释的情况下才表现出来，因此，并没有证明观看眼睛对不诚实本身有影响。此外，该效应仅在观看眼睛的图像的情况下进行了研究，而不是在与真人进行互动的情况下进行了研究，因为与真人互动可能会对行为产生不同的影响。在本研究中，通过一个互动的说谎电脑游戏来研究观看眼睛对不诚实的影响。参与者与一个同伙进行游戏，他们认为这个同伙是另一个参与者。在每次试验中，他们都会短暂地看到同伙的视角，然后选择是否在游戏中撒谎。同伙交替使用直接注视和向下注视。结果表明，另一个人的直接注视减少了游戏中的谎言。这些发现对日常和专业情况都有影响，例如临床对话和警察审讯。
