Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico and Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, DINOGMI, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Nat Rev Cardiol. 2019 Apr;16(4):213-224. doi: 10.1038/s41569-018-0109-6.
Short sleep duration has a substantial influence on the overall health of an individual. Short sleep time can be a consequence of lifestyle habits, environmental factors, or the presence of a sleep disorder, such as insomnia or sleep-disordered breathing. Short sleep time is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, mainly from cardiovascular disorders (including coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, and hypertension). Several biological mechanisms have been proposed as a possible link between short sleep duration and these diseases, such as involvement of the autonomic nervous system, endothelial function, metabolic regulation, inflammation, and the coagulation system. In this Review, we provide an overview on the effects of short sleep duration on cardiovascular health and diseases and discuss the main pathophysiological mechanisms involved, taking into account both experimental data and clinical evidence.
睡眠时长过短会对个人的整体健康产生重大影响。睡眠时长过短可能是生活方式习惯、环境因素或睡眠障碍（如失眠或睡眠呼吸障碍）导致的结果。睡眠时长过短与发病率和死亡率的增加有关，主要与心血管疾病（包括冠状动脉疾病、心律失常和高血压）有关。已经提出了几种生物学机制来解释睡眠时长过短与这些疾病之间的可能联系，例如自主神经系统的参与、内皮功能、代谢调节、炎症和凝血系统。在这篇综述中，我们概述了睡眠时长过短对心血管健康和疾病的影响，并讨论了所涉及的主要病理生理机制，同时考虑了实验数据和临床证据。
