Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics Research Center, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.
Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Jan;26(1):91-100. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-3642-2. Epub 2018 Nov 8.
The need to maximize agricultural productivity has made pesticides an indispensable part of current times. Farmers are unaware of the lurking consequences of the pesticide exposure, which endanger their health. It also puts the unsuspecting consumers in peril. The pesticides (from organophosphates, organochlorine, and carbamate class) disrupt the immune and hormonal signaling, causing recurrent inflammation, which leads to a wide array pathologies, including teratogenicity. Numerous farmers have fallen victim to neural disorders-driven suicides and lungs, prostate/breast cancer-caused untimely deaths. Green revolution which significantly escalated agricultural productivity is backfiring now. It is high time that environmental and agricultural authorities act to restrain the excessive usage of the detrimental chemicals and educate farmers regarding the crisis. This review discusses the biological mechanisms of pesticide-driven pathogenesis (such as the activation or inhibition of caspase, serine protease, acetylcholinesterase) and presents the pesticide-exposure-caused health deterioration in USA, India, and Africa. This holistic and critical review should be an eye-opener for general public, and a guide for researchers.
提高农业生产力的需求使得农药成为当今不可或缺的一部分。农民们没有意识到接触农药的潜在后果，这些后果危害他们的健康。它也使毫无戒心的消费者处于危险之中。这些农药（包括有机磷、有机氯和氨基甲酸酯类）会破坏免疫和激素信号，导致反复的炎症，从而引发广泛的疾病，包括致畸性。许多农民因神经紊乱导致自杀，以及因肺部、前列腺/乳腺癌而过早死亡。大大提高农业生产力的绿色革命现在正在适得其反。现在是环境和农业当局采取行动限制使用有害化学物质并教育农民了解这一危机的时候了。这篇综述讨论了农药驱动的发病机制的生物学机制（如半胱天冬酶、丝氨酸蛋白酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶的激活或抑制），并介绍了在美国、印度和非洲因接触农药而导致的健康恶化。这篇全面而批判性的综述应该让公众和研究人员大开眼界。
