Chemical Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, South Korea.
CSIR Water Research Institute, Achimota, Accra, Ghana.
PLoS One. 2021 Jan 29;16(1):e0246108. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246108. eCollection 2021.
This study provides a review of methods used in the determination of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in ginseng and compares the effectiveness of three extraction methods (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe (QuEChERS), a modified QuEChERS and a Fast Pesticide Extraction (FaPEx)) in the analyses of 20 OCPs in ginseng root samples. For each method, sample mass, solvent volume and sorbent mass were varied to identify the optimum combination to effectively isolate analytes of interest from the complex sample matrix. Extracts were analyzed using the gas chromatography-μ-electron capture detector (GC-μ-ECD), and confirmatory analyses performed by gas chromatography-tandem-mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Eighteen out of 20 OCPs spiked onto in-house prepared ginseng samples produced acceptable recoveries (51-156%) when extracted using QuEChERS and FaPEx. All 20 analytes, including dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (p, p'- DDD) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (o, p'-DDT), produced acceptable recoveries (51-129%) with the use of a modified QuEChERS method. The applicability of the modified QuEChERS method was demonstrated through the analysis of ginseng samples grown in endosulfan-treated soil. The samples were analyzed by both GC-μ-ECD and GC-MS/MS with no significant difference identified in the results of each analytical method. This study highlights the applicability of the modified QuEChERS method, in combination with GC- μ-ECD, to determine organochlorine pesticides in ginseng. This may be especially useful for laboratories in developing countries and less advanced institutions without access to MS/MS instrumentation.
本研究综述了人参中有机氯农药（OCPs）的测定方法，并比较了三种提取方法（快速、简单、廉价、有效、坚固、安全（QuEChERS）、改良 QuEChERS 和快速农药提取（FaPEx））在 20 种 OCPs 在人参根样品中的分析效果。对于每种方法，均改变了样品质量、溶剂体积和吸附剂质量，以确定从复杂样品基质中有效分离目标分析物的最佳组合。提取物使用气相色谱-微电子捕获检测器（GC-μ-ECD）进行分析，并通过气相色谱-串联质谱（GC-MS/MS）进行确证分析。当使用 QuEChERS 和 FaPEx 提取时，18 种 OCPs 被添加到内部制备的人参样品中，产生了可接受的回收率（51-156%）。使用改良 QuEChERS 方法，包括滴滴涕（p，p'-DDD）和滴滴涕（o，p'-DDT）在内的所有 20 种分析物均产生了可接受的回收率（51-129%）。改良 QuEChERS 方法的适用性通过分析在硫丹处理土壤中生长的人参样品得到了证明。这些样品使用 GC-μ-ECD 和 GC-MS/MS 进行分析，两种分析方法的结果没有明显差异。本研究强调了改良 QuEChERS 方法与 GC-μ-ECD 相结合，在人参中测定有机氯农药的适用性。对于没有配备 MS/MS 仪器的发展中国家和欠发达机构的实验室来说，这可能特别有用。
