School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang-si 10540, Korea.
Sensors (Basel). 2018 Nov 8;18(11):3830. doi: 10.3390/s18113830.
This paper proposes an efficient multi-sensor system to complement GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) for improved positioning in urban area. The proposed system augments GNSS by low-cost MEMS IMU (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems Inertial Measurement Unit), OBD (On-Board Diagnostics)-II, and digital altimeter modules. For improved availability of time synchronization in urban area, an adaptive synchronization method is proposed to combine the external PPS (Pulse Per Second) signal and the internal onboard clock. For improved positioning accuracy and availability, a 17-state Kalman filter is formulated for efficient multi-sensor fusion, including OBD-II and digital altimeter modules. A strategy to apply different types of measurement updates is also proposed for improved performance in urban area. Four experiment results with field-collected measurements evaluates the performance of the proposed GNSS/IMU/OBD-II/altimeter system in various aspects, including accuracy, precision, continuity, and availability.
本文提出了一种高效的多传感器系统,用于补充 GNSS(全球导航卫星系统),以提高城市地区的定位精度。该系统通过低成本的 MEMS 惯性测量单元(IMU)、OBD-II 和数字高度计模块来增强 GNSS。为了提高城市地区时间同步的可用性,提出了一种自适应同步方法,以结合外部 PPS(每秒脉冲)信号和内部板载时钟。为了提高定位精度和可用性,针对高效的多传感器融合,提出了一个 17 状态卡尔曼滤波器,包括 OBD-II 和数字高度计模块。还提出了一种应用不同类型测量更新的策略,以提高城市地区的性能。通过四个使用现场采集测量的实验结果,评估了所提出的 GNSS/IMU/OBD-II/高度计系统在精度、精度、连续性和可用性等各个方面的性能。