Korjani Saman, Facchini Angelo, Mureddu Mario, Caldarelli Guido, Damiano Alfonso
University of Cagliari, Department of Electrical Engineering, Cagliari, Italy.
IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2018 Nov 9;8(1):16658. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-35128-6.
We propose a criterion based on complex networks centrality metrics to identify the optimal position of Energy Storage Systems in power networks. To this aim we study the relation between centrality metrics and voltage fluctuations in power grids in presence of high penetration of renewable energy sources and storage systems. For testing purposes we consider two prototypical IEEE networks and we compute the correlation between node centrality (namely Eigenvector, Closeness, Pagerank, Betweenness) and voltage fluctuations in presence of intermittent renewable energy generators and intermittent loads measured from domestic users. We show that the topological characteristics of the power networks are able to identify the optimal positioning of active and reactive power compensators (such as energy storage systems) used to reduce voltage fluctuations according to the common quality of service standards. Results show that, among the different metrics, eigenvector centrality shows a statistically significant exponential correlation with the reduction of voltage fluctuations. This finding confirms the technical know-how for which storage systems are heuristically positioned far from supply reactive nodes. This also represents an advantage both in terms of computational time, and in terms of planning of wide resilient networks, where a careful positioning of storage systems is needed, especially in a scenario of interconnected microgrids where intermittent distributed energy sources (such as wind or solar) are fully deployed.
我们提出一种基于复杂网络中心性度量的准则，以确定储能系统在电网中的最佳位置。为此，我们研究了在可再生能源和储能系统高渗透率情况下，中心性度量与电网电压波动之间的关系。为了进行测试，我们考虑两个典型的IEEE网络，并计算了节点中心性（即特征向量中心性、接近中心性、PageRank、介数中心性）与存在间歇性可再生能源发电机和来自家庭用户的间歇性负载时电压波动之间的相关性。我们表明，电网的拓扑特性能够根据通用的服务质量标准确定用于减少电压波动的有功和无功功率补偿器（如储能系统）的最佳位置。结果表明，在不同的度量中，特征向量中心性与电压波动的减少呈现出具有统计学意义的指数相关性。这一发现证实了一种技术诀窍，即储能系统通常被启发式地放置在远离供应无功节点的位置。这在计算时间方面以及在规划需要仔细定位储能系统的广泛弹性网络方面也具有优势，特别是在完全部署了间歇性分布式能源（如风能或太阳能）的互联微电网场景中。
