IRTA, Centre de Sant Carles de la Rápita (IRTA-SCR), Programa d'Aqüicultura, Crta. del Poble Nou Km 5.5, 43540 Sant Carles de la Rápita, Spain..
South Iran Aquaculture Research Centre, Iranian Fisheries Science Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension organization (AREEO), Ahwaz, Iran.
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2019 Feb;228:43-50. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.10.025. Epub 2018 Nov 9.
Weaning glass eels with compound diets (36% proteins, 16% lipids) differing in their fishmeal (FM) level (50, 75 and 100% FM replaced by a blend of plant proteins, PP) was compared to a group fed cod roe. Weaning lasted for 20 days and then, eels were fed compound diets for 70 days, whereas the other group was only fed cod roe (90 days). Diets were tested with four replicates and evaluated in terms of growth, survival, glass eels metamorphosis into elvers, oxidative stress status and activity of digestive enzymes. Although glass eels are traditionally fed with fish roe and progressively weaned onto compound diets, results revealed that this strategy should not be prolonged for a long time, since feeding glass eels with cod roe for 90 days negatively affected their growth (2 times lower than fish fed compound diets), delayed their metamorphosis, as well as the maturation of their digestive function as the ratio of alkaline phosphatase and leucine-alanine peptidase indicated. Weaning glass eels onto compound diets differing in their FM levels did not affect their growth, metamorphic stage nor the activity of pancreatic enzymes (total alkaline proteases, trypsin, bile salt-activated lipase and α-amylase), although 75% FM replacement by PP sources delayed the level of intestinal maturation in eels. In comparison to glass eels fed the 100% FM diet, survival was negatively affected in groups fed diets with 50 and 75% FM replacement by PP ingredients, which indicated that further improvement is needed in diet formulation for this stage of development.
我们将比较用不同鱼粉水平（50%、75%和 100%的鱼粉被植物蛋白混合物替代）的复合饲料来培育玻璃鳗，以及用鳕鱼鱼卵培育玻璃鳗的方法。培育期持续 20 天，然后用复合饲料喂养鳗鱼 70 天，而另一组只喂鳕鱼鱼卵（90 天）。用四个重复进行饲料试验，并根据生长、存活率、玻璃鳗向幼鳗的变态、氧化应激状态和消化酶活性来评估。虽然玻璃鳗传统上是用鱼卵喂养的，并逐渐过渡到用配合饲料喂养，但结果表明，这种策略不应长期延长，因为用鳕鱼鱼卵喂养 90 天的玻璃鳗会严重影响其生长（比用配合饲料喂养的鱼低 2 倍），延迟其变态，以及消化功能的成熟，因为碱性磷酸酶和亮氨酸-丙氨酸肽酶的比例表明了这一点。用不同鱼粉水平的配合饲料培育玻璃鳗不会影响其生长、变态阶段或胰腺酶的活性（总碱性蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶、胆汁盐激活的脂肪酶和α-淀粉酶），尽管用植物蛋白混合物替代 75%的鱼粉会延迟鳗鱼肠道成熟度。与用 100%鱼粉喂养的玻璃鳗相比，用 50%和 75%鱼粉替代物喂养的鳗鱼的存活率受到负面影响，这表明在这个发育阶段，需要进一步改进饲料配方。
