Smith-Vaniz William F, Tornabene Luke, Macieira Raphael M
Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7800, USA University of Florida Gainesville United States of America.
School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences and Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, University of Washington, 1122 NE Boat Street, Seattle, WA 981045, USA University of Washington Seattle United States of America.
Zookeys. 2018 Nov 1(794):95-133. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.794.26789. eCollection 2018.
A new species of jawfish, , is described from the Vitória-Trindade Chain and Fernando de Noronha Archipelago off Brazil, a disjunct distribution of ca. 1,800 km. and its allopatric Caribbean sister-species, , both have a wide, fan-like upper margin of the subopercular flap and mostly over-lapping meristic data. The new species differs from in having the darkest spot on the spinous dorsal fin, when present, between spines 2-5, versus always present between spines 6-9, the buccal area surrounding the esophageal opening pale versus very dark and fewer oblique scale rows in longitudinal series (45-52 vs. 69-85). A second new species, , known from Brazil's mainland, has completely over-lapping meristic values with its allopatric Caribbean sister-species , but differs in lacking vomerine teeth and a supramaxilla and retaining the juvenile color pattern of the latter species in adults. Diagnoses, photographs, an identification key, and distributional maps are given for all Brazilian species of . Molecular phylogenetic analysis of partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit-I sequences indicates that specimens of the two allopatric pairs, - and - , form reciprocally monophyletic groups that differ from each other on average by 9 to 11%, with less than 1% average pair-wise genetic distance within-species. Similar patterns of phylogenetic structure were observed between reciprocally monophyletic (predominately allopatric) groups within nominal species of , suggesting the possibility of at least two additional undescribed species from the Brazilian Province.
一种新的颚鱼物种， ，是从巴西近海的维多利亚-特林达德海脊和费尔南多·迪诺罗尼亚群岛描述的，两地相距约1800公里，呈间断分布。 及其异域分布的加勒比姐妹物种 ，都有一个宽阔的、扇形的鳃盖下皮瓣上缘，并且大多数可数性状数据重叠。新物种与 的区别在于，若有棘背鳍上的最黑斑，在 中位于第2 - 5棘之间，而在 中总是位于第6 - 9棘之间；食管开口周围的颊部区域 为浅色，而 为深色；纵列斜鳞行数较少（45 - 52行对69 - 85行）。另一个新物种， ，已知分布于巴西大陆，其可数性状值与异域分布的加勒比姐妹物种 完全重叠，但区别在于没有犁骨齿和上颌骨上骨，并且成体保留了后者物种的幼体体色模式。给出了所有巴西 物种的诊断、照片、鉴定检索表和分布图。对细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I部分序列的分子系统发育分析表明，两对异域分布的物种， - 和 - 的标本形成相互单系类群，它们彼此之间平均相差9%至11%，种内平均成对遗传距离小于1%。在 的名义物种内相互单系（主要异域分布）类群之间观察到类似的系统发育结构模式，这表明巴西海域可能至少还有另外两个未描述的物种。
