A Novel Sensorized Heart Valve Prosthesis: Preliminary In Vitro Evaluation.

BACKGROUND

Recent studies have shown that subclinical valve thrombosis in heart valve prosthesis (HVP) can be responsible for reduced leaflet motion detectable only by advanced imaging diagnostics. We conceived a novel sensorized HVP able to detect earlier any thrombus formation that may alter the leaflets motion using an electric impedance measurement, IntraValvular Impedance (IVI).

METHODS

For IVI measurement, dedicated electrodes are embedded in the structure of the HVP to generate a local electric field that is altered by the moving valve leaflets during their cyclic opening/closing. We present preliminary in vitro results using a first prototype of sensorized mechanical heart valve connected to an external impedance measurement system. The prototype was tested on a circulatory mock loop system and the IVI signals were recorded during both normal dynamics and experimentally induced altered working of the leaflets.

RESULTS

Recordings showed a very repetitive and stable IVI signal during the normal cyclic opening/closing of the HVP. The induced alterations in leaflet motion were reflected in the IVI signal.

CONCLUSIONS

The novel sensorized HVP has great potential to give early warning of possible subclinical valve thrombosis altering the valve leaflet motion, and to help in tailoring the anticoagulation therapy.