Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
Department of Integrative Biology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
Proc Biol Sci. 2018 Nov 14;285(1891):20181610. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2018.1610.
Understanding how the brain processes social information and generates adaptive behavioural responses is a major goal in neuroscience. We examined behaviour and neural activity patterns in socially relevant brain nuclei of hermaphroditic mangrove rivulus fish () provided with different types of social stimuli: stationary model opponent, regular mirror, non-reversing mirror and live opponent. We found that: (i) individuals faced with a regular mirror were less willing to interact with, delivered fewer attacks towards and switched their orientation relative to the opponent more frequently than fish exposed to a non-reversing mirror image or live opponent; (ii) fighting with a regular mirror image caused higher expression of immediate-early genes (IEGs: and ) in the teleost homologues of the basolateral amygdala and hippocampus, but lower IEG expression in the preoptic area, than fighting with a non-reversing mirror image or live opponent; (iii) stationary models elicited the least behavioural and IEG responses among the four stimuli; and (iv) the non-reversing mirror image and live opponent drove similar behavioural and neurobiological responses. These results suggest that the various stimuli provide different types of information related to conspecific recognition in the context of aggressive contests, which ultimately drive different neurobiological responses.
理解大脑如何处理社交信息并产生适应性的行为反应是神经科学的主要目标。我们研究了提供不同类型社交刺激的雌雄同体红树林鲷鱼（）相关脑核的行为和神经活动模式：静止的模型对手、常规镜子、非反转镜子和活体对手。我们发现：（i）与常规镜子面对的个体比与非反转镜子图像或活体对手面对的个体更不愿意互动，攻击次数更少，并且相对于对手的方向变化更频繁；（ii）与常规镜子图像进行战斗会导致比与非反转镜子图像或活体对手进行战斗引起更高的即刻早期基因（IEG：和）在底外侧杏仁核和海马的硬骨鱼同源物中的表达，但在视前区的 IEG 表达较低；（iii）在这四种刺激中，静止模型引起的行为和 IEG 反应最少；（iv）非反转镜子和活体对手驱动相似的行为和神经生物学反应。这些结果表明，各种刺激在攻击性比赛中提供了与同种识别相关的不同类型的信息，最终驱动了不同的神经生物学反应。
