a Applied Sport Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre , Swansea University , Swansea , UK.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2019 Feb;19(1):133-140. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2018.1545052. Epub 2018 Nov 15.
The effect of breakfast omission on evening high-intensity exercise performance has not previously been studied.
In a randomised and counterbalanced cross-over design, 10 competitive rowers (2 male, 8 female; mean ± SD: age 21 ± 2 y, height 176 ± 7 cm, weight 76 ± 12 kg, body fat 19.7 ± 6.8%) completed two trials (individualised carbohydrate-rich breakfast (BT; 831 ± 67 kcal eaten before 09:00) and no-breakfast (NBT; extended overnight fast until 12:00)). Following ad libitum afternoon food intake, participants completed a 2000-m time-trial on a rowing ergometer between 16:30 and 18:00. Appetite and energy intake were measured throughout the day, whilst power output, time, heart rate, blood lactate, blood glucose and RPE were assessed during the time trial.
Appetite ratings were higher throughout the morning in NBT compared with BT, but there were no differences in ratings in the afternoon. Energy intake at lunch was greater NBT compared with BT (1236 ± 594 vs 836 ± 303 kcal, p < .05), which partly compensated for breakfast omission, although overall energy intake tended to be lower in NBT compared with BT (1236 ± 594 vs 1589 ± 225 kcal, p = .08). The time taken to complete the 2000-m time trial was greater in NBT compared with BT (469.2 ± 43.4 vs 465.7 ± 43.3 s; p < .05). No differences in heart rate, blood glucose and blood lactate responses were apparent, but overall RPE was higher in NBT compared with BT (17.8 ± 0.9 vs 16.7 ± 0.7 au, p < .05).
The omission of a carbohydrate-rich breakfast impaired evening performance during a 2000-m rowing time trial. This finding has implications for optimising evening high-intensity exercise performance.
之前尚未研究过不吃早餐对晚上高强度运动表现的影响。
在一项随机、交叉对照设计中，10 名竞技赛艇运动员（2 名男性，8 名女性；平均年龄±标准差：21±2 岁，身高 176±7cm，体重 76±12kg，体脂率 19.7±6.8%）完成了两项试验（个体化富含碳水化合物的早餐（BT；09:00 前摄入 831±67kcal）和无早餐（NBT；延长至 12:00 的隔夜禁食））。在下午随意进食后，参与者在 16:30 至 18:00 之间在划船测功仪上进行 2000 米计时赛。全天测量食欲和能量摄入，在计时赛期间评估功率输出、时间、心率、血乳酸、血糖和 RPE。
NBT 组整个上午的食欲评分均高于 BT 组，但下午的评分无差异。与 BT 相比，NBT 组午餐时的能量摄入更高（1236±594 比 836±303kcal，p<0.05），尽管总体能量摄入在 NBT 组中似乎低于 BT 组（1236±594 比 1589±225kcal，p=0.08）。与 BT 相比，NBT 组完成 2000 米计时赛的时间更长（469.2±43.4 比 465.7±43.3s；p<0.05）。心率、血糖和血乳酸反应无差异，但总体 RPE 在 NBT 组中高于 BT 组（17.8±0.9 比 16.7±0.7au，p<0.05）。
不吃富含碳水化合物的早餐会影响晚上 2000 米划船计时赛的表现。这一发现对优化晚上高强度运动表现具有重要意义。
