Montagnese C, Poulain D A, Vincent J D, Theodosis D T
Unité de Neurobiologie des Comportments, INSERM U. 176, Bordeaux, France.
Brain Res Bull. 1988 Jun;20(6):681-92. doi: 10.1016/0361-9230(88)90078-0.
Magnocellular oxytocinergic neurons in the hypothalamus offer a striking example of a mammalian neuronal system whose basic architecture and synaptic circuitry can be reversibly modified in adulthood. During parturition, lactation and prolonged osmotic stimulation, glial coverage of oxytocinergic neurons markedly diminishes and their surfaces are left in extensive juxtaposition; concurrently, there is formation of new synapses, which are predominantly GABAergic and which couple two or more oxytocinergic neurons simultaneously. These structural changes do not permanently modify the anatomy of the system since upon cessation of stimulation, neuronal juxtapositions and shared synapses disappear, to reappear upon new stimulation. At present, we can only speculate about the cellular mechanisms and factors responsible for these reversible neuroanatomical changes. However, oxytocin itself appears to be of primary importance since it can induce similar anatomical changes when chronically infused into the third ventricle.
下丘脑的大细胞性催产素能神经元是一个引人注目的例子，它展示了一个哺乳动物神经元系统，其基本结构和突触回路在成年期可发生可逆性改变。在分娩、哺乳和长时间的渗透压刺激期间，催产素能神经元的胶质细胞覆盖显著减少，其表面广泛并列；同时，会形成新的突触，这些突触主要是γ-氨基丁酸能的，并且同时连接两个或更多的催产素能神经元。这些结构变化不会永久性地改变该系统的解剖结构，因为在刺激停止后，神经元并列和共享突触会消失，并在新的刺激下重新出现。目前，我们只能推测导致这些可逆性神经解剖学变化的细胞机制和因素。然而，催产素本身似乎至关重要，因为当长期注入第三脑室时，它可以诱导类似的解剖学变化。
