Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2019 Nov 13;74(12):1965-1972. doi: 10.1093/gerona/gly263.
Maintaining good fitness and good level of physical activity are important factors for maintaining physical independence later in life. The aim was to investigate the relationship between self-reported fitness and objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behavior in the elderly.
Same-sex twin pairs born 1940-1944 in Finland were invited to the study. Altogether 787 individuals (mean age 72.9 years), of whom 404 were female, used a hip-worn triaxial accelerometer for at least 4 days and answered a question on perceived fitness. First, individual differences were studied between four fitness categories. Second, pairwise differences were examined among twin pairs discordant for fitness.
Self-reported fitness explained moderately the variation in objectively measured physical activity parameters: R2 for daily steps 26%, for daily mean metabolic equivalent 31%, for daily moderate-to-vigorous activity time 31%, and lower for sedentary behavior time 14% (all p < .001). Better self-reported fitness was associated with more steps taken on average (8,558 daily steps [very good fitness] vs 2,797 steps [poor fitness], p < .001) and with a higher amount of moderate-to-vigorous activity (61 min vs 12 min p < .001, respectively) in the adjusted multivariable model. Among 156 twin pairs discordant for self-reported fitness, co-twins with better fitness took more steps, did more moderate-to-vigorous activity, and had less sedentary behavior (all, p < .05) compared to their less fit co-twins; however, difference was smaller among monozygotic than dizygotic pairs.
One simple question on self-reported fitness is associated with daily activity profile among community-dwelling older people. However, genetic factors modulate this association to some extent.
保持良好的健康水平和较高的身体活动水平是老年人保持身体独立的重要因素。本研究旨在调查老年人自我报告的健康状况与客观测量的身体活动和久坐行为之间的关系。
邀请出生于 1940-1944 年的芬兰同性别双胞胎参加研究。共有 787 人（平均年龄 72.9 岁），其中 404 人为女性，使用佩戴在臀部的三轴加速度计至少 4 天，并回答了一个关于感知健康的问题。首先，研究了四个健康类别之间的个体差异。其次，检查了健康状况不一致的双胞胎之间的差异。
自我报告的健康状况适度解释了客观测量的身体活动参数的变化：每日步数的 R2 为 26%，每日平均代谢当量的 R2 为 31%，每日中等到剧烈活动时间的 R2 为 31%，久坐行为时间的 R2 较低，为 14%（均 P<.001）。自我报告的健康状况越好，平均步数越高（非常好的健康状况为 8558 步/天，较差的健康状况为 2797 步/天，P<.001），中度到剧烈活动量越高（分别为 61 分钟和 12 分钟，P<.001）。在调整后的多变量模型中，在 156 对自我报告的健康状况不一致的双胞胎中，健康状况较好的双胞胎比健康状况较差的双胞胎走得更多，进行更多的中度到剧烈活动，久坐行为更少（均 P<.05）；然而，同卵双胞胎之间的差异小于异卵双胞胎之间的差异。
一个简单的自我报告健康状况问题与社区居住的老年人的日常活动模式相关。然而，遗传因素在一定程度上调节了这种关联。
