Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana.
Chr. Hansen A/S, Hørsholm, Denmark.
J Anim Sci. 2019 Feb 1;97(2):727-734. doi: 10.1093/jas/sky432.
The objective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of AA, CP, and GE, the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of CP and GE, and the apparent hindgut digestibility of CP and GE by growing pigs may be improved by supplementing diets with two direct-fed microbials (DFM) containing different Bacillus strains. Twenty-four growing barrows (initial BW: 22.69 ± 1.48 kg) that had a T-cannula installed in the distal ileum were individually housed and randomly allotted to a three diet, three period design with 24 pigs and three 21-d periods. There were eight pigs per diet in each period for a total of 24 observations per diet. Three diets that were based on corn, soybean meal, and distillers dried grains with solubles were formulated. The control diet contained no DFM, but two additional diets contained two different Bacillus strains (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens or Bacillus subtilis). Feed was provided in mash form in two daily meals at 0800 and 1600 hours. The initial 12 d of each period was the adaptation period to the diet. Fecal and urine samples were collected from days 13 to 18, and ileal digesta were collected for 8 h on days 20 and 21. Results indicated that there were no differences among diets in ATTD of CP, but the AID of CP was reduced (P < 0.05) for the B. subtilis diet compared with control and B. amyloliquefaciens diets. Therefore, the apparent hindgut digestibility of CP was greater (P < 0.005) in pigs fed the B. subtilis diet compared with the other diets. The AID of total indispensable, total dispensable, and total AA was greater (P < 0.05) in the B. amyloliquefaciens diet compared with the control diet. There were no differences among diets in ATTD of GE, but the AID of GE was greater for the B. amyloliquefaciens diet than for the control and the B. subtilis diets (P < 0.001). Therefore, the apparent hindgut digestibility of GE was less (P < 0.05) in the B. amyloliquefaciens diet compared with the other diets. The DE (DM basis) for the B. subtilis diet was greater (P < 0.05) compared with the control and the B. amyloliquefaciens diets. In conclusion, supplementation of Bacillus spp. to diets fed to growing pigs may increase the AID of AA and GE, but there appears to be differences among strains of Bacillus spp. in their impact on AA and energy digestibility.
在日粮中添加两种含有不同芽孢杆菌菌株的直接饲喂微生物（DFM）可以提高 AA、CP 和 GE 的表观回肠消化率（AID）、CP 和 GE 的全肠道消化率（ATTD）以及 CP 和 GE 的表观后肠消化率。24 头安装有回肠 T 型瘘管的生长育肥猪单独饲养，并随机分为三饲三期设计，每饲期 24 头猪，共 21 天 3 期。每个饲期每饲粮有 8 头猪，每个饲粮共 24 个观测值。三饲粮以玉米、豆粕和玉米酒糟蛋白饲料为基础。对照饲粮不含 DFM，而另外两饲粮分别含有两种不同的芽孢杆菌菌株（解淀粉芽孢杆菌或枯草芽孢杆菌）。饲粮以湿料形式在 08:00 和 16:00 每天饲喂两次。每个饲期的前 12 天为饲粮适应期。第 13-18 天收集粪便和尿液样品，第 20 和 21 天收集 8 小时的回肠食糜。结果表明，CP 的 ATTD 没有因饲粮而变化，但与对照饲粮和解淀粉芽孢杆菌饲粮相比，枯草芽孢杆菌饲粮 CP 的 AID 降低（P < 0.05）。因此，与其他饲粮相比，饲喂枯草芽孢杆菌饲粮的 CP 后肠表观消化率更高（P < 0.005）。总必需氨基酸、总非必需氨基酸和总 AA 的 AID 均高于对照饲粮，解淀粉芽孢杆菌饲粮高于对照饲粮（P < 0.05）。GE 的 ATTD 没有因饲粮而变化，但与对照饲粮和枯草芽孢杆菌饲粮相比，解淀粉芽孢杆菌饲粮的 GE 的 AID 更高（P < 0.001）。因此，与其他饲粮相比，解淀粉芽孢杆菌饲粮的 GE 后肠表观消化率更低（P < 0.05）。枯草芽孢杆菌饲粮的 DE（DM 基础）高于对照饲粮和解淀粉芽孢杆菌饲粮（P < 0.05）。综上所述，在生长育肥猪饲粮中添加芽孢杆菌可提高 AA 和 GE 的 AID，但芽孢杆菌菌株间似乎存在影响 AA 和能量消化率的差异。
