Decreased progesterone binding and attenuated progesterone action in cultured human breast carcinoma cells treated with epidermal growth factor.

Specific progesterone binding by cultured human breast carcinoma T47D, MCF-7, and ZR75-1 cells was decreased 25-40% by epidermal growth factor (EGF), with a 50% effective dose of 0.1 nM EGF. Studies with the soluble and particulate fractions prepared after homogenization of T47D cells grown in glass roller bottles revealed equivalent EGF-induced decreases in progesterone binding to receptors in both fractions. Equilibrium progesterone binding studies with these soluble and particulate fractions revealed that EGF decreased the receptor number, but had no effect on affinity. With cells grown adherent to plastic dishes, EGF treatment induced a greater decrease in binding to receptors recovered in the particulate fraction, than to receptors recovered in the soluble fraction. The decrease in progesterone binding induced by 20 nM EGF was maximal after 2 min of cellular EGF treatment for receptors recovered in the soluble fraction, but was only half-maximal after 15 min for receptors recovered in the particulate fraction. Decreased progesterone binding persisted for at least 8 days in cells cultured with 1 nM EGF. Either insulin or EGF stimulated T47D cell proliferation by two- to threefold with a 50% effective dose of 100 nM for insulin and 0.1 nM for EGF. The progestin, R5020, decreased T47D cell growth by 30% with a 50% effective dose of 1 nM. Either EGF or insulin antagonized the inhibitory effect of R5020 on cell reproduction, but progestins did not antagonize the growth stimulatory response of cells to EGF. Progestins increased the number of EGF receptors within 12 h of their addition to T47D cells, but this response was lost after 6 days. These data show that EGF or progesterone can regulate the receptor number of the other, but for cell reproduction, the effect of EGF is dominant over that of progestins.