Public Health Agency of Sweden, Nobels väg 18, 17182 Solna, Sweden; Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels allé 10, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden.
Public Health Agency of Sweden, Nobels väg 18, 17182 Solna, Sweden.
J Glob Antimicrob Resist. 2019 Jun;17:25-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jgar.2018.11.004. Epub 2018 Nov 15.
In the Northern Dimension Antibiotic Resistance Study (NoDARS), Finland, Germany, Latvia, Poland, Russia and Sweden collected urine samples from outpatient women (aged 18-65years) with symptoms of uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) to investigate the levels of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among Escherichia coli isolates.
A total of 775 E. coli isolates from 1280 clinical urine samples were collected from October 2015 to January 2017. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed and the results were interpreted according to European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) criteria.
Overall AMR rates to the commonly used antibiotics nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin and mecillinam (except for Germany that was missing a result for mecillinam) were 1.2%, 1.3% and 4.1%, respectively. The highest overall resistance rates were determined for ampicillin (39.6%), trimethoprim (23.8%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (22.4%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (16.7%) and ciprofloxacin (15.1%), varying significantly between countries. The rate of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production was 8.7%. None of the isolates showed resistance to meropenem.
In most cases, low AMR rates were detected against the first-line antibiotics recommended in national UTI treatment guidelines, giving support to their future use. These results also support the European Association of Urology guidelines stating that nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin and mecillinam are viable treatment options for uncomplicated UTI.
在北方维度抗生素耐药性研究(NoDARS)中,芬兰、德国、拉脱维亚、波兰、俄罗斯和瑞典从患有单纯性尿路感染(UTI)症状的门诊女性(18-65 岁)中收集尿样,以调查大肠埃希菌分离株的抗菌药物耐药性(AMR)水平。
2015 年 10 月至 2017 年 1 月期间,从 1280 份临床尿样中共收集了 775 株大肠埃希菌。进行了抗菌药物敏感性试验,结果根据欧洲抗菌药物敏感性试验委员会(EUCAST)标准进行解释。
对常用抗生素呋喃妥因、磷霉素和美西林(德国缺少美西林的结果)的总体 AMR 率分别为 1.2%、1.3%和 4.1%。氨苄西林(39.6%)、甲氧苄啶(23.8%)、甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑(22.4%)、阿莫西林/克拉维酸(16.7%)和环丙沙星(15.1%)的总体耐药率最高,各国之间差异显著。产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBL)的发生率为 8.7%。没有分离株对美罗培南表现出耐药性。
在大多数情况下,对国家 UTI 治疗指南推荐的一线抗生素检测到的 AMR 率较低,支持未来使用这些抗生素。这些结果也支持欧洲泌尿外科协会指南,即呋喃妥因、磷霉素和美西林是治疗单纯性 UTI 的可行选择。