Austrian Research Centre for Forests BFW, Vienna, Austria.
Austrian Research Centre for Forests BFW, Vienna, Austria.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Mar 1;654:393-401. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.093. Epub 2018 Nov 9.
When considering options for adapting forests under climate change, climate is treated as the dominant driver of forest growth, while soil properties are often ignored mainly due to shortage of accurate data. The effects of climate and soil on forest growth may vary due to local adaptation to both climate and soil, and these local adaptations might need to be considered when transferring seed provenances under climate change. Data from 29 provenance trials of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) across a wide gradient of planting conditions in Austria was used to develop Structural Equation Models (SEMs) to quantified the role of climatic and soil drivers and their interactions on juvenile growth performance and to test if provenance origin affects the relative importance of these drivers. Climate and soil of the planting site location were found to have similar direct effects on juvenile tree growth, however, climate was found to be more important because of additional indirect effects via interactions with soil parameters. Notably, the relative effects of climate and soil vary among different provenance groups. Climate constraints are dominant for seed sources originating from colder and/or high altitude locations, while test site climate and soil are equally important contributors of growth for provenances originating from warmer origin and lower elevation sites. Together with the better growth performance of the latter provenance group their plasticity allows them to utilize a wide range of soil conditions.
在考虑适应气候变化下的森林选择时，气候被视为森林生长的主要驱动因素，而土壤特性往往由于缺乏准确数据而被忽视。由于对气候和土壤的本地适应，气候和土壤对森林生长的影响可能会有所不同，在气候变化下转移种子起源时，可能需要考虑这些本地适应。本文利用奥地利广泛种植条件下的 29 个挪威云杉（Picea abies（L.）Karst.）种源试验的数据，采用结构方程模型（SEMs）来量化气候和土壤驱动因素及其相互作用对幼树生长性能的作用，并检验种源起源是否会影响这些驱动因素的相对重要性。研究发现，种植地点的气候和土壤对幼树生长有相似的直接影响，但由于气候与土壤参数的相互作用，气候的间接影响更大。值得注意的是，气候和土壤的相对影响在不同的种源群体之间存在差异。对于来自寒冷和/或高海拔地区的种子来源，气候限制是主导因素，而对于来自温暖起源和较低海拔地区的种源，试验地点的气候和土壤是生长的同等重要贡献者。与后者种源群体更好的生长性能一起，它们的可塑性使它们能够利用广泛的土壤条件。
