Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 125 South Rd, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2019 Jun 24;58(26):8654-8668. doi: 10.1002/anie.201810970. Epub 2019 Mar 26.
Synthetic manipulation of polymer substrates is one of the oldest and most reliable methods to increase the functional diversity of soft materials. Modifying the chemical structure of polymers that are already produced on a commodity scale leverages the current high-volume and low-cost production of commodity plastics for the discovery of modern materials. A myriad of polymer C-H functionalization methods have been developed which enable the modification of material properties on both a laboratory and industrial scale. More recently, driven by advances in C-H activation, photoredox catalysis, and radical chemistry, chemoselective approaches have emerged as a means to impart precise functionality onto commodity polymer substrates. This Review discusses the historical significance of and contemporary advances in the C-H functionalization of commodity polymers. The conceptual approach outlined herein presents exciting new directions for the field, including increasing the value of otherwise pervasive materials, uncovering entirely new material properties, and a viable path to upcycle post-consumer plastic waste.
聚合物基质的合成操作是增加软材料功能多样性的最古老和最可靠的方法之一。通过对已经在商品规模上生产的聚合物的化学结构进行修饰，可以利用商品塑料的当前大规模和低成本生产来发现现代材料。已经开发出许多聚合物 C-H 官能团化方法，这些方法可在实验室和工业规模上对材料性能进行修饰。最近，在 C-H 活化、光还原催化和自由基化学的推动下，选择性方法的出现成为在商品聚合物基质上赋予精确功能的一种手段。本文综述了商品聚合物 C-H 官能团化的历史意义和当代进展。本文概述的概念方法为该领域呈现了令人兴奋的新方向，包括提高其他普遍存在的材料的价值、揭示全新的材料特性以及对消费后塑料废物进行循环利用的可行途径。
