Matějovský Lukáš, Macák Jan, Pleyer Olga, Staš Martin
Department of Petroleum Technology and Alternative Fuels, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague.
Department of Power Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague.
J Vis Exp. 2018 Nov 3(141). doi: 10.3791/57757.
Material corrosion can be a limiting factor for different materials in many applications. Thus, it is necessary to better understand corrosion processes, prevent them and minimize the damages associated with them. One of the most important characteristics of corrosion processes is the corrosion rate. The measurement of corrosion rates is often very difficult or even impossible especially in less conductive, non-aqueous environments such as biofuels. Here, we present five different methods for the determination of corrosion rates and the efficiency of anti-corrosion protection in biofuels: (i) a static test, (ii) a dynamic test, (iii) a static test with a reflux cooler and electrochemical measurements (iv) in a two-electrode arrangement and (v) in a three-electrode arrangement. The static test is advantageous due to its low demands on material and instrumental equipment. The dynamic test allows for the testing of corrosion rates of metallic materials at more severe conditions. The static test with a reflux cooler allows for the testing in environments with higher viscosity (e.g., engine oils) at higher temperatures in the presence of oxidation or an inert atmosphere. The electrochemical measurements provide a more comprehensive view on corrosion processes. The presented cell geometries and arrangements (the two-electrode and three-electrode systems) make it possible to perform measurements in biofuel environments without base electrolytes that could have a negative impact on the results and load them with measurement errors. The presented methods make it possible to study the corrosion aggressiveness of an environment, the corrosion resistance of metallic materials, and the efficiency of corrosion inhibitors with representative and reproducible results. The results obtained using these methods can help to understand corrosion processes in more detail to minimize the damages caused by corrosion.
在许多应用中，材料腐蚀可能是不同材料的一个限制因素。因此，有必要更好地理解腐蚀过程，预防腐蚀并将与之相关的损害降至最低。腐蚀过程最重要的特征之一是腐蚀速率。腐蚀速率的测量通常非常困难，甚至在导电性较差的非水介质环境（如生物燃料）中是不可能的。在此，我们介绍五种不同的方法来测定生物燃料中的腐蚀速率和防腐保护效率：（i）静态试验，（ii）动态试验，（iii）带有回流冷却器和电化学测量的静态试验（iv）双电极装置，以及（v）三电极装置。静态试验因其对材料和仪器设备要求较低而具有优势。动态试验允许在更严苛的条件下测试金属材料的腐蚀速率。带有回流冷却器的静态试验允许在氧化或惰性气氛存在的情况下，在较高温度下对较高粘度的环境（如发动机油）进行测试。电化学测量能更全面地了解腐蚀过程。所呈现的电池几何形状和装置（双电极和三电极系统）使得在没有可能对结果产生负面影响并带来测量误差的基础电解质的生物燃料环境中进行测量成为可能。所介绍的方法能够以具有代表性和可重复性的结果来研究环境的腐蚀侵蚀性、金属材料的耐腐蚀性以及缓蚀剂的效率。使用这些方法获得的结果有助于更详细地了解腐蚀过程，以尽量减少腐蚀造成的损害。
