Kim Yiyeon
Department of Political Science & International Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
Int J Health Plann Manage. 2019 Jan;34(1):e896-e916. doi: 10.1002/hpm.2706. Epub 2018 Nov 19.
Has President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief's (PEPFAR) funding been effective in reducing the rate of HIV new infections and AIDS-related deaths among women and children? While previous studies have found HIV/AIDS aid to be ineffective and PEPFAR funding to produce negative externalities, there is lack of empirical examination of the impact of PEPFAR on women and children despite the emphasis on prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV during the Bush and Obama administrations. Using descriptive analysis and difference-in-differences (DID) regression, this study finds that PEPFAR's funding has reduced the HIV new infections and AIDS-related death rates of women and children for both focus countries and recipient countries, which are those that were added in a second phase. These findings show that PEPFAR's strategy for women and children has been effective and that it should be continued. However, while PEPFAR has contributed to the fight against HIV/AIDS, the effects of its work have been underestimated.
总统防治艾滋病紧急救援计划（PEPFAR）的资金在降低妇女和儿童中新增艾滋病毒感染率及与艾滋病相关的死亡率方面是否有效？尽管先前的研究发现艾滋病毒/艾滋病援助无效且PEPFAR资金产生了负面外部效应，但尽管布什和奥巴马政府期间强调预防母婴传播艾滋病毒，却缺乏对PEPFAR对妇女和儿童影响的实证检验。本研究通过描述性分析和差分回归发现，PEPFAR的资金降低了重点国家和受援国（即第二阶段新增的国家）妇女和儿童的艾滋病毒新增感染率及与艾滋病相关的死亡率。这些发现表明，PEPFAR针对妇女和儿童的战略是有效的，应继续推行。然而，尽管PEPFAR为抗击艾滋病毒/艾滋病做出了贡献，但其工作的效果却被低估了。
