Kashosi Théophile Mitima, Mutendela John Kivukuto, Mwenebitu David Lupande, Maotela Jeff Kabinda, Mubagwa Kanigula
Laboratoire de Recherche Biomédicale et de Santé Publique, Département de Sciences Biomédicales, Faculté de Médecine et Santé Communautaire, Université Évangélique en Afrique (UEA), République Démocratique du Congo.
Centre Internationale de Formation et de Recherches Avancées, Bukavu, République Démocratique du Congo.
Pan Afr Med J. 2018 Jul 4;30:193. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2018.30.193.13457. eCollection 2018.
In Bukavu, transfused blood is selected using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). These tests are easily performed without specialized equipments. This study aims to evaluate the virological quality of transfused blood assessed using rapid diagnostic tests.
A blood sample was drawn from a blood bag and collected in a 4ml dry tube in 5 Health Care Facilities over a month. Counter analysis was performed on each sample using rapid tests and ELISA. Intrinsic and extrinsic values were calculated. Cohen's kappa coefficient was used to evaluate the reliability of RDT compared with ELISA.
Three hundred and twelve samples were collected; 5 samples were positive for one or the other virologic marker while 307 samples were negative in all the tests. However Elisa showed, out of the 307 samples which were RDT test negative, 15 other positive samples including 3 samples positive for HIV, 3 for HCV and 9 for HBV. In addition, ELISA validated some RDT-positive samples and contradicted other results. Sensitivity and positive predictive value from rapid diagnostic tests were very low. The reliability of these tests was satisfactory, medium or low.
Blood assessed using RDTs poses a non negligible risk of viral infections. This study highlights the need for more reliable and efficient tests in our Health Care Facilities.
在布卡武，使用快速诊断检测（RDT）来筛选输血用血液。这些检测无需专门设备即可轻松进行。本研究旨在评估使用快速诊断检测评估的输血用血液的病毒学质量。
在一个月内，从5个医疗机构的血袋中抽取血样，并收集到4毫升干燥试管中。使用快速检测和酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）对每个样本进行反向分析。计算内在值和外在值。使用科恩kappa系数评估RDT与ELISA相比的可靠性。
共收集了312个样本；5个样本的一种或另一种病毒学标志物呈阳性，而307个样本在所有检测中均为阴性。然而，ELISA显示，在307个RDT检测为阴性的样本中，还有15个阳性样本，包括3个HIV阳性样本、3个丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）阳性样本和9个乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）阳性样本。此外，ELISA验证了一些RDT阳性样本，并与其他结果相矛盾。快速诊断检测的敏感性和阳性预测值非常低。这些检测的可靠性为满意、中等或低。
使用RDT评估的血液存在不可忽视的病毒感染风险。本研究强调了在我们的医疗机构中需要更可靠和高效的检测。
