Roberson Paul A, Romero Matthew A, Mumford Petey W, Osburn Shelby C, Haun Cody T, Vann Christopher G, Kluess Heidi A, Roberts Michael D
School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.
Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Auburn, AL, United States.
Front Nutr. 2018 Nov 1;5:97. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00097. eCollection 2018.
Protein supplementation is proposed to promote recovery and adaptation following endurance exercise. While prior literature demonstrates improved performance when supplementing protein during or following endurance exercise, chronic supplementation research is limited. Runners (VOpeak = 53.6 ± 8.9 ml/kg/min) were counter-balanced into a placebo group (PLA; = 8) or protein group (PRO; = 9) based on sex and VOpeak, and underwent 10 weeks of progressive endurance training. Prior to training, body composition, blood cell differentials, non-invasive mitochondrial capacity using near-infrared spectroscopy, and a 5 km treadmill time trial (TT) were evaluated. Progressive training then commenced (5-10% increase in weekly volume with a recovery week following 3 weeks of training) whereby PRO supplemented with 25 g of whey protein following workouts and prior to sleep (additional 50 g daily). PLA supplemented similarly with a < 1 g sugar pill per day. Following training, participants were reanalyzed for the aforementioned tests. VOpeak and initial 5 km TT were not significantly different between groups. PRO consumed significantly more dietary protein throughout the training period (PRO = 132 g/d or 2.1 g/kg/day; PLA = 84 g/d or 1.2 g/kg/day). Running volume increased significantly over time, but was not significantly different between groups throughout training. Blood measures were unaltered with training or supplementation. Mitochondrial capacity trended toward improving over time (time = 0.063) with no difference between groups. PLA increased lean mass 0.7 kg ( < 0.05) while PRO experienced infinitesimal change (-0.1 kg, interaction = 0.049). PLA improved 5 km TT performance 6.4% (1 min 31 s), while PRO improved only 2.7% (40 s) (interaction = 0.080). This is the first evidence to suggest long-term protein supplementation during progressive run training is not beneficial for runners.
有人提出补充蛋白质有助于耐力运动后的恢复和适应。虽然先前的文献表明在耐力运动期间或之后补充蛋白质能提高运动表现，但长期补充蛋白质的研究有限。根据性别和最大摄氧量（VOpeak），将跑步者（VOpeak = 53.6 ± 8.9毫升/千克/分钟）平衡分为安慰剂组（PLA；n = 8）或蛋白质组（PRO；n = 9），并进行为期10周的渐进式耐力训练。在训练前，评估身体成分、血细胞分类、使用近红外光谱法测量的无创线粒体容量以及5公里跑步机计时赛（TT）成绩。然后开始进行渐进式训练（每周训练量增加5 - 10%，每3周训练后安排一周恢复周），在此期间，PRO组在训练后和睡前补充25克乳清蛋白（每天额外补充50克）。PLA组每天补充类似的小于1克的糖丸。训练结束后，对参与者进行上述测试的重新分析。两组之间的VOpeak和初始5公里TT成绩无显著差异。在整个训练期间，PRO组摄入的膳食蛋白质显著更多（PRO组 = 132克/天或2.1克/千克/天；PLA组 = 84克/天或1.2克/千克/天）。跑步量随时间显著增加，但在整个训练过程中两组之间无显著差异。血液指标不受训练或补充剂的影响。线粒体容量随时间有改善趋势（时间效应P = 0.063），但两组之间无差异。PLA组瘦体重增加0.7千克（P < 0.05），而PRO组仅有微小变化（减少0.1千克，交互作用P = 0.049）。PLA组5公里TT成绩提高了6.4%（1分31秒），而PRO组仅提高了2.7%（40秒）（交互作用P = 0.080）。这是首个表明在渐进式跑步训练期间长期补充蛋白质对跑步者无益处的证据。
