1Enteric Disease Laboratory, Virology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.
2LIM/46 - Laboratory of Medical Parasitology, Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, College of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
J Gen Virol. 2019 Jan;100(1):7-25. doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.001171. Epub 2018 Nov 20.
In 2013, the equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like rotavirus (RVA) strain emerged worldwide. In 2016, this strain was reported in northern Brazil. The aims of the study were to conduct a retrospective genetic investigation to identify the possible entry of these atypical strains in Brazil and to describe their distribution across a representative area of the country. From 2013 to 2017, a total of 4226 faecal samples were screened for RVA by ELISA, PAGE, RT-PCR and sequencing. G3P[8] represented 20.9 % (167/800) of all RVA-positive samples, further subdivided as equine-like G3P[8], DS-1-like (11.0 %; 88/800) and Wa-like G3P[8] (9.9 %; 79/800). Six equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like samples were selected for whole-genome investigation, confirming the backbone I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2. During 2013-2014, Wa-like G3P[8] was predominant and no equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like was detected. Equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like was first identified in Paraná in March/2015, suggesting that the strain entered Brazil through the Southern region. Equine-like G3P[8] rapidly spread across the area under surveillance and displayed a marked potential to replace Wa-like G3P[8] strains. Brazilian equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like strains clustered with contemporary equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like detected worldwide, but exhibited a distinct NSP2 genotype (N2) compared to the previously reported Amazon equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like strain (N1). Two distinct NSP4 E2 genotype lineages were also identified. Taken together, these data suggest that different variants of equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like strains might have been introduced into the country at distinct time points, and co-circulated in the period 2015-2017. The global emergence of equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like strains, predominantly in countries using the Rotarix vaccine, raises the question of whether vaccines may be inducing selective pressures on zoonotic strains.
2013 年，出现了与马相似的 G3P[8] DS-1 样轮状病毒（RVA）株。2016 年，这种毒株在巴西北部被报告。本研究的目的是进行回顾性遗传调查，以确定这些非典型毒株是否可能进入巴西，并描述它们在该国具有代表性的地区的分布情况。2013 年至 2017 年，通过 ELISA、PAGE、RT-PCR 和测序对 4226 份粪便样本进行了 RVA 筛查。G3P[8]占所有 RVA 阳性样本的 20.9%（167/800），进一步细分为马源样 G3P[8]、DS-1 样（11.0%；88/800）和 Wa 样 G3P[8]（9.9%；79/800）。选择了 6 株马源样 G3P[8] DS-1 样进行全基因组研究，证实了其骨干 I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2。2013-2014 年，Wa 样 G3P[8]占主导地位，未检测到马源样 G3P[8] DS-1 样。马源样 G3P[8] DS-1 样于 2015 年 3 月在巴拉那首次被发现，表明该株系是通过南部地区进入巴西的。马源样 G3P[8] DS-1 样迅速传播到监测区域，并显示出取代 Wa 样 G3P[8]株系的明显潜力。巴西马源样 G3P[8] DS-1 样株与全球同时期检测到的马源样 G3P[8] DS-1 样株聚集，但与之前报道的亚马逊马源样 G3P[8] DS-1 样株（N1）相比，其 NSP2 基因型（N2）明显不同。还鉴定出两种不同的 NSP4 E2 基因型谱系。总之，这些数据表明，不同变体的马源样 G3P[8] DS-1 样株可能在不同时间点被引入该国，并在 2015-2017 年期间共同传播。马源样 G3P[8] DS-1 样株在主要使用 Rotarix 疫苗的国家的全球出现引发了一个问题，即疫苗是否会对人畜共患病株产生选择性压力。
