Cognition, Languages, Language & Ergonomics Laboratory, University of Toulouse-CNRS, Toulouse, France.
Cognition, Languages, Language & Ergonomics Laboratory, University of Toulouse-CNRS, Toulouse, France.
Conscious Cogn. 2018 Nov;66:101-114. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2018.11.003. Epub 2018 Nov 17.
Sleep is known to benefit memory consolidation, but its effect on false memory is less clear. We applied the simplified conjoint recognition paradigm to investigate how sleep affects the cognitive processes behind correct or false recognition, according to fuzzy-trace theory, and measured the retrieval of verbatim traces, retrieval of gist traces, and phantom recollection. Participants studied 24 lists of semantically related words lacking the strongest common associate or theme word. Recognition was tested 12 h later, following either a night's sleep or daytime wakefulness. The recognition test featured studied words, nonstudied theme words (false recognition), and unrelated words. False recognition rate was higher after sleep than after daytime wakefulness. True recognition rate was the same. Analysis of the cognitive processes underlying recognition showed that phantom recollection was higher after sleep. Assuming that phantom recollection reflects the retrieval of strong gist traces, sleep may strengthen gist traces and promote gist extraction.
睡眠有益于记忆巩固，但它对错误记忆的影响尚不明确。我们应用简化的联合识别范式，根据模糊痕迹理论，研究了睡眠如何影响正确或错误识别背后的认知过程，并测量了逐字痕迹的提取、要点痕迹的提取和幽灵记忆的提取。参与者学习了 24 组语义相关的单词，这些单词缺乏最强的共同联想词或主题词。12 小时后，参与者要么在夜间睡眠，要么在白天清醒时进行识别测试。识别测试的内容包括学习过的单词、非学习过的主题词（错误识别）和不相关的单词。与白天清醒相比，睡眠后错误识别率更高。而真实识别率则相同。对识别背后认知过程的分析表明，睡眠后幽灵记忆更高。假设幽灵记忆反映了强烈要点痕迹的提取，那么睡眠可能会加强要点痕迹并促进要点提取。
