Semple Shawna L, Mulder Ingeborg M, Rodriguez-Ramos Tania, Power Michael, Dixon Brian
Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1 Canada.
Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1 Canada.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2018 Nov;205:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2018.10.003. Epub 2018 Oct 15.
Telemetry transmitters are frequently used in studies of wild fish migration and behavior. Although the effects of surgically implanted transmitters on survival, tag retention, healing and growth have been studied, there has been little research regarding the potential immune response induced by these transmitters. In the current study, mature rainbow trout received either surgical implantation of an acoustic transmitter or a sham surgical procedure. These fish were then sampled over a 10-week period so that pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the spleen, peritoneal cavity lymphocytes and muscle at the surgical site could be analyzed. There were no significant differences in transcript expression for the spleen and muscle tissue between fish that had a transmitter and those that received the surgical procedure alone. However, transmitter presence significantly increased the expression of IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα in the peritoneal cells at 10 weeks indicating that tagged fish may be coping with chronic inflammation. Furthermore, tagged male fish had a higher inflammatory response in 10-week peritoneal lavage samples when compared to their tagged mature female counterparts, providing some evidence that mature female rainbow trout may have suppressed immune function when sexually mature. Externally, fish appeared to heal at similar rates regardless of the presence or absence of the transmitter, but the tag itself was prone to encapsulation and adhesion to the body wall and/or surgical site. This suggests that fish tagged with large intraperitoneal implants may not behave similarly to their wild counterparts. This research could aid in the development of improved telemetry tags that are more biocompatible, economical and better able to track fish behavior/movement.
遥测发射器经常用于野生鱼类洄游和行为的研究。虽然已经研究了手术植入发射器对鱼类生存、标签留存、愈合和生长的影响，但关于这些发射器引发的潜在免疫反应的研究却很少。在当前的研究中，成熟的虹鳟鱼接受了声学发射器的手术植入或假手术。然后在10周的时间内对这些鱼进行采样，以便分析脾脏、腹腔淋巴细胞和手术部位肌肉中促炎细胞因子的表达。植入发射器的鱼和仅接受手术操作的鱼在脾脏和肌肉组织的转录本表达上没有显著差异。然而，在10周时，发射器的存在显著增加了腹腔细胞中白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNFα）的表达，这表明带标签的鱼可能在应对慢性炎症。此外，与带标签的成熟雌性虹鳟鱼相比，带标签的雄性鱼在10周的腹腔灌洗样本中的炎症反应更高，这提供了一些证据，表明成熟雌性虹鳟鱼在性成熟时可能具有免疫功能抑制。从外部看，无论是否存在发射器，鱼的愈合速度似乎相似，但标签本身容易被包裹并粘附在体壁和/或手术部位。这表明，植入大型腹腔内标签的鱼的行为可能与野生同类不同。这项研究有助于开发更具生物相容性、更经济且更能追踪鱼类行为/运动的改进型遥测标签。
