Müllebner Andrea, Sassu Elena L, Ladinig Andrea, Frömbling Janna, Miller Ingrid, Ehling-Schulz Monika, Hennig-Pauka Isabel, Duvigneau J Catharina
Institute for Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria.
University Clinic for Swine, Department of Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2018 Nov;205:17-23. doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2018.10.008. Epub 2018 Oct 22.
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) persisting in clinically healthy pigs may be the causative agent of sudden outbreaks of severe respiratory disease in swine herds. During the course of acute disease, the pathogen is eliminated from inflamed lung tissue, which is characterized by the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and an influx of neutrophils. However, if clearance by the porcine immune system fails, APP may switch to a persistent form. At later stages of infection, the pathogen may reside in tonsillar tissue without being eliminated by the host immune defence. To better understand the host immune response at different stages of infection, expression pattern of cytokines in tonsils and lung were recorded. In contrast to lung tissue, in which APP presence was associated with a pronounced pro-inflammatory character, APP presence in the tonsils elicited an increased IL-10 expression. In both organs of infected animals, a marked reciprocal correlation of the pro-inflammatory IL-17A and the anti-inflammatory IL-10 was found, supporting the idea that both cytokines are produced in highly associated, but reciprocal differentiated cell types, possibly APP-specific Th17 subsets. It appears that a persistent phenotype of APP triggers the anti-inflammatory immune response in tonsillar tissue in an attempt to evade the porcine immune defence.
存在于临床健康猪体内的胸膜肺炎放线杆菌（APP）可能是猪群中严重呼吸道疾病突然爆发的病原体。在急性疾病过程中，病原体从发炎的肺组织中清除，发炎的肺组织以促炎细胞因子的表达和中性粒细胞的流入为特征。然而，如果猪免疫系统的清除失败，APP可能会转变为持续存在的形式。在感染后期，病原体可能存在于扁桃体组织中而不被宿主免疫防御清除。为了更好地了解感染不同阶段的宿主免疫反应，记录了扁桃体和肺中细胞因子的表达模式。与肺组织不同，APP在肺组织中的存在与明显的促炎特征相关，而APP在扁桃体中的存在则引发IL-10表达增加。在感染动物的两个器官中，发现促炎的IL-17A和抗炎的IL-10之间存在明显的相互关联，这支持了这两种细胞因子是在高度相关但相互分化的细胞类型中产生的观点，可能是APP特异性的Th17亚群。似乎APP的持续存在表型触发了扁桃体组织中的抗炎免疫反应，试图逃避猪的免疫防御。
