Lin Pei-Pei, Hsieh You-Miin, Tsai Cheng-Chih
Oral Health Prev Dent. 2018;16(5):445-455. doi: 10.3290/j.ohpd.a41406.
Consumption of refined foods and beverages high in sugar make the teeth susceptible to the formation of biofilm and may lead to dental caries. The aim of the present study was to determine the ability of selected probiotics to inhibit growth and biofilm formation by the cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans in vitro.
Strains of latic acid bacteria (LAB) (n = 120) from the Bioresources Collection and Research Center (BCRC), saliva of healthy adults and infant stool were screened. The antimicrobial activity of LAB in vitro was evaluated by agar spot culture and co-culture of the S. mutans strains. Antagonistic substances in the spent culture suspensions (SCS) of LAB were precipitated by extraction with ammonium sulphate and chloroform to characterise the protein and lipophilic fractions.
Results of co-culturing show that the SCS of the three LAB strains (Lactobacillus pentosus 13-1, 13-4 and L. crispatus BCRC 14618) subjected to heat treatment showed statistically significantly higher antimicrobial activity. Substances produced by L. pentosus 13-4 which have the potential to exhibit antimicrobial properties might be lipophilic proteins. Additionally, microtiter plate biofilm assays indicated that in vitro biofilm formation by S. mutans is strongly modulated by L. pentosus 13-4 and L. crispatus BCRC 14618.
It can be inferred that the mechanism of reducing biofilm formation by these two LAB strains is associated with sucrose-dependent cell-cell adhesion and the gtfC level of glucosyltransferases in the biofilm. Therefore, it is suggested that L. pentosus 13-4 and L. crispatus BCRC 14618 may contribute to preventing dental caries, as they showed an inhibitory effect on the growth and biofilm formation of the cariogenic bacterium S. mutans in vitro.
食用高糖的精制食品和饮料会使牙齿易形成生物膜，并可能导致龋齿。本研究的目的是确定所选益生菌在体外抑制致龋细菌变形链球菌生长和生物膜形成的能力。
对来自生物资源收集与研究中心（BCRC）的120株乳酸菌（LAB）菌株、健康成年人的唾液和婴儿粪便进行筛选。通过琼脂斑点培养和变形链球菌菌株的共培养来评估LAB在体外的抗菌活性。LAB的用过的培养悬浮液（SCS）中的拮抗物质通过硫酸铵和氯仿萃取进行沉淀，以表征蛋白质和亲脂部分。
共培养结果表明，经过热处理的三株LAB菌株（戊糖乳杆菌13 - 1、13 - 4和卷曲乳杆菌BCRC 14618）的SCS显示出统计学上显著更高的抗菌活性。戊糖乳杆菌13 - 4产生的具有潜在抗菌特性的物质可能是亲脂性蛋白质。此外，微量滴定板生物膜试验表明，变形链球菌的体外生物膜形成受到戊糖乳杆菌13 - 4和卷曲乳杆菌BCRC 14618的强烈调节。
可以推断，这两种LAB菌株减少生物膜形成的机制与蔗糖依赖性细胞间粘附以及生物膜中葡糖基转移酶的gtfC水平有关。因此，建议戊糖乳杆菌13 - 4和卷曲乳杆菌BCRC 14618可能有助于预防龋齿，因为它们在体外对致龋细菌变形链球菌的生长和生物膜形成具有抑制作用。
