Nijboer Alke A J, Van der Cingel Margreet C J M
Dutch Nurses Association, Churchilllaan 11, 3527GV Utrecht, the Netherlands.
NHL University of Applied Sciences, Rengerslaan 8-10, 8917 DD Leeuwarden.
Nurse Educ Today. 2019 Jan;72:84-89. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2018.11.006. Epub 2018 Nov 14.
Nurses and patients believe compassion to be one of the most important professional values. However, it is not known which factors influence compassionate behaviour in practice. There is a need for insight whether or not compassion in nursing practice flourishes or falters.
This study aims to explore how Dutch novice nurses perceive compassion within nursing care and gain insight in their strategies of sustaining and developing compassionate care.
This study used an exploratory design, employing a qualitative approach.
14 in depth interviews with Dutch bachelor novice nurses with 0-5 years of practical experience took place.
Thematic analysis and inductive coding was used.
Four themes emerged from the data. First, participants perceive compassion to be a part of their professional identity. Balancing between positive and negative environmental influences and their own perceptions was shown as a second theme. Thirdly, various strategies such as rebellion and conforming to the ideas on the workplace helped nurses to do so in daily practice. If nurses succeeded in dealing positively with various influences, a professional development was perceived over time. The fourth theme described the increased awareness of compassion and professional identity if strategies were successful. If not; insecurity, job dissatisfaction and ultimately consideration of job-retention was described.
Compassion is an essential value during the development of the professional identity of novice nurses. Dealing with meaningful emotions and experiences broadened nurses' personal awareness of compassionate care and stimulated a growth in their professional identity. Novices need support during their internships that builds empowerment and resilience in sustaining compassion. Furthermore, there is a need for role models and a corporative team spirit in order to coach novice nurses in compassionate behaviour.
护士和患者都认为同情心是最重要的职业价值观之一。然而，尚不清楚哪些因素会在实际工作中影响同情行为。有必要深入了解护理实践中的同情心是蓬勃发展还是萎靡不振。
本研究旨在探讨荷兰新手护士如何看待护理工作中的同情心，并深入了解他们维持和发展同情护理的策略。
本研究采用探索性设计，运用定性研究方法。
对14名具有0至5年实践经验的荷兰本科新手护士进行了深入访谈。
采用主题分析和归纳编码。
数据中出现了四个主题。首先，参与者认为同情心是其职业身份的一部分。第二个主题是在积极和消极的环境影响与自身认知之间取得平衡。第三，诸如反抗和顺应工作场所的观念等各种策略帮助护士在日常实践中做到这一点。如果护士成功地积极应对各种影响，随着时间的推移会被视为职业发展。第四个主题描述了如果策略成功，对同情心和职业身份的认识会增强。如果不成功，则会出现不安全感、工作不满，最终会考虑是否继续留任工作。
同情心是新手护士职业身份发展过程中的一项基本价值观。处理有意义的情感和经历拓宽了护士对同情护理的个人认知，并促进了他们职业身份的成长。新手在实习期间需要得到支持，以增强他们维持同情心的能力和适应力。此外，需要榜样和团队合作精神来指导新手护士的同情行为。
