Pulmonology Dept, University Hospital, Nancy, France
EA 3450 DevAH, Development, Adaptation, Cardio-Respiratory Regulations and Motor Control, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.
Eur Respir Rev. 2018 Nov 21;27(150). doi: 10.1183/16000617.0056-2018. Print 2018 Dec 31.
Ear, nose and throat (ENT) comorbidities are common in patients with asthma and are frequently associated with poorer asthma outcomes. All these comorbidities are "treatable traits" in asthma. Identification and management of these disorders may spare medication usage and contribute to improved asthma control and quality of life, and a decrease in exacerbation rates.This review summarises recent data about the prevalence, clinical impact and treatment effects of ENT comorbidities in asthma including allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyposis, aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease, obstructive sleep apnoea and vocal cord dysfunction.Many of these comorbidities are possible to be managed by the pulmonologist, but the collaboration with the ENT specialist is essential for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis or vocal cord dysfunction. Further rigorous research is needed to study the efficacy of comorbidity treatment to improve asthma outcomes, in particular with the development of biotherapies in severe asthma that can also be beneficial in some ENT diseases.
耳鼻喉（ENT）合并症在哮喘患者中很常见，并且常与更差的哮喘结局相关。所有这些合并症都是哮喘的“可治疗特征”。识别和管理这些疾病可以节省药物使用，并有助于改善哮喘控制和生活质量，降低恶化率。
本篇综述总结了最近有关哮喘中 ENT 合并症的患病率、临床影响和治疗效果的数据，包括变应性鼻炎、伴有和不伴有鼻息肉的慢性鼻-鼻窦炎、阿司匹林加重的呼吸道疾病、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停和声带功能障碍。
这些合并症中有许多可以由肺科医生进行管理，但对于慢性鼻-鼻窦炎或声带功能障碍患者，与 ENT 专家的合作至关重要。需要进一步进行严格的研究来研究治疗合并症以改善哮喘结局的疗效，特别是在严重哮喘中开发生物疗法时，这些疗法也可能对某些 ENT 疾病有益。
