Chang Ke-Vin, Mezian Kamal, Naňka Ondřej, Wu Wei-Ting, Lou Yueh-Ming, Wang Jia-Chi, Martinoli Carlo, Özçakar Levent
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei 10845, Taiwan.
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10048, Taiwan.
J Clin Med. 2018 Nov 21;7(11):457. doi: 10.3390/jcm7110457.
Cutaneous nerve entrapment plays an important role in neuropathic pain syndrome. Due to the advancement of ultrasound technology, the cutaneous nerves can be visualized by high-resolution ultrasound. As the cutaneous nerves course superficially in the subcutaneous layer, they are vulnerable to entrapment or collateral damage in traumatic insults. Scanning of the cutaneous nerves is challenging due to fewer anatomic landmarks for referencing. Therefore, the aim of the present article is to summarize the anatomy of the limb cutaneous nerves, to elaborate the scanning techniques, and also to discuss the clinical implications of pertinent entrapment syndromes of the medial brachial cutaneous nerve, intercostobrachial cutaneous nerve, medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve, lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve, posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve, superficial branch of the radial nerve, dorsal cutaneous branch of the ulnar nerve, palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve, anterior femoral cutaneous nerve, posterior femoral cutaneous nerve, lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, sural nerve, and saphenous nerve.
皮神经卡压在神经病理性疼痛综合征中起重要作用。由于超声技术的进步，高分辨率超声可使皮神经可视化。由于皮神经在皮下层浅表走行，它们在创伤性损伤中易受卡压或间接损伤。由于可供参考的解剖标志较少，皮神经的扫描具有挑战性。因此，本文旨在总结肢体皮神经的解剖结构，阐述扫描技术，并讨论臂内侧皮神经、肋间臂神经、前臂内侧皮神经、前臂外侧皮神经、前臂后皮神经、桡神经浅支、尺神经手背支、正中神经掌皮支、股前皮神经、股后皮神经、股外侧皮神经、腓肠神经和隐神经相关卡压综合征的临床意义。
